تأثير العنف الناتج عن حرب ما بعد 7 أكتوبر 2023 على سلامة الإعلاميين الفلسطينيين بقطاع غزة

-Palestinian journalist syndicate: annual report. (2024)

www.pjs.ps/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-2023.pdf

- international federation for journalist ( IFJ): www.ifj-arabic.org//%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%84?tx_news_pi1%5Baction%5D=detail&tx_news_pi1%5Bcontroller%5D=News&tx_news_pi1%5Bnews%5D=22017&tx_news_pi1%5BoverwriteDemand%5D%5Bcategories%5D=20&cHash=cac1731cb10c78eaeedbbc99574ab5d1

-Palestinian journalist syndicate media freedoms report. PPT (2024) “wefaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj”/https://www.pjs.ps/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Freedoms-report-.pdf

-Human rights watch.(2024). Letter to President Joe Biden Re: Protecting journalists and press freedom in the Israel-Gaza war. : www.hrw.org/news/2024/01/10/letter-president-joe-biden-re-protecting-journalists-and-press-freedom-israel-gaza

- international press institute.(2024). “IPI call to action: The international community must act urgently to protect journalists, civilians in Gaza and the region” www: https://ipi.media/gaza-ipi-call-to-action/

-Farid Abudheir. Sudqi Mousa.(2023). “The Implications of the Tension Resulting from Palestinian Journalists' Coverage of the Confrontations between Palestinian Demonstrators and Israeli Occupation Soldiers on their Professional Performance”. Arab American University, Palestine An-Najah National University Human and Social Sciences, Volume 50, No. 1, www : file:///C:/Users/hp/Downloads/15-3117-230-244-%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF+%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88+%D8%B6%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1.pdf

 -Reuters institute :” reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/news/these-journalists-gaza-risk-their-lives-cover-israel-hamas-war-nothing-can-describe-what-you-feel.”

- Committee to protect journalist. (2023). www : https://cpj.org/reports/2024/01/2023-prison-census-jailed-journalist-numbers-near-record-high-israel-imprisonments-spike/

- Michael Tasseron,(2023). “Mitigating Risks to Journalists in the 2014 Gaza war”، taylor and francis online Pages 976-989

www.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/ref/10.1080/1461670X.2023.2173960?scroll=top

- Columbia journalism school.(2023).” A Call for the Safety and Freedom of Expression of Journalists Covering the Israel-Hamas War 2023 www : https://journalism.columbia.edu/call-for-journalist-safety.9- 11-2023

-Almezan center for human rights. (2023). https://www.mezan.org/fr/post/46305/%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86

-committee to protect journalist.(2023). call to action for protection of journalists in Israel-Gaza war

 https://cpj.org/2023/12/a-call-to-action-for-protection-of-journalists-in-israel-gaza-war

- free press unlimited.(2023). https://www.freepressunlimited.org/en/current/safety-journalists-and-media-coverage-israel-palestine

- Reuters agency.(2023): https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-military-says-it-cant-guarantee-journalists-safety-gaza-2023-10-27/

- Douhan, H. Y., & Ferwana, M. N.(2022). “The professional and administrative pressures that affect the performance of investigative journalists in Palestine”، Journal of Media Studies: Issue 20, Volume 5 available at: https://democraticac.de/?p=84242

-office of Palestinian affairs.(2022). Human rights report in the West Bank and Gaza Strip for 2022 : https://palestinianaffairs.state.gov/ar/%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%88%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%82

- Muhammed Auni Hamed Abu Aun.(2021). “Israeli violations against the Palestinians”، Malaysian Strategic Initiative Center, AL-I’LAM – J. Contemp. Islam. Comm. & Media | Vol. 1, Issue 2: file:///C:/Users/hp/Downloads/99-131-jcicom-vol.-1-2-aun-et-al%20(2).pdf

- ranin gamal salm.(2020). “Special protection for Palestinian journalists under international criminal policy, alkods university”، vol2, No1: https://dspace.alquds.edu/items/5569394f-30db-4354-aa0d-6200caaaa93a

-Almezan center for human rights.(2019). “Violations by the Israeli occupation forces against journalists and media workers during the peaceful return marches in the Gaza Strip” (2019) https://www.mezan.org/fr/post/28616/%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%A9-

- Carol B. Schwalbe,Jeannine E. Relly,Sally Ann Cruikshank &Ethan H. Schwalbe.(2018).” Human Security as a Conceptual Framework “: The Case of Palestinian Journalists.، journalism studies، volume 20، issue13

Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1461670X.2018.1543555

- Ibrahim Hazboun,Ifat Maoz &Menahem Blondheim.(2018).” Palestinian media landscape: Experiences, narratives, and agendas of journalists under restrictions”، the communication review، Pages 1-25

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10714421.2018.1557964?src=recsys

- Mged samy.(2018). “Young photojournalists attitudes towards occupational safety procedures”: a survey study, Media and arab society issue 26

 www. efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.arabmediasociety.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/2.pdf

- Hassan abu hasish.(2016).” Investigative journalistic problems in Palestinian newspapers from the perspective of investigative journalists in a field study”، Journal of Media Research. Azhar university. Volume 45 and Issue 45

https://jsb.journals.ekb.eg/article_23224.html

- Ibrahim Hazboun, Yiftach Ron & Ifat Maoz.(2014).” Journalists in times of crisis: Experiences and practices of Palestinian journalists during the 2014Gaza war” Department of Communication and Journalism, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305218575_Journalists_in_times_of_crisis_Experiences_and_practices_of_Palestinian_journalists_during_the_2014_Gaza_war

- bbc Arabic news : https://www.bbc.com/arabic/interactivity-67866482#:~:text=%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%88%D9%82%20%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AF%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D9%8A%D9%86%20%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%87%D9%85,%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A%20%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%A7%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB.&text=%D9%8A%D8%B0%D9%83%D8%B1%20%D8%A3%D9%8A%D8%B6%D8%A7%20%D8%A3%D9%86%2063%20%D8%B5%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7,%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D9%8A%20%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%B1%20%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9%2020%20%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7.

- palasinian news agency.( Wafa). https://www.wafa.ps/Pages/Details/86401

- international federation for journalist (IFJ).: https://www.ifj-arabic.org//%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%84?tx_news_pi1%5Baction%5D=detail&tx_news_pi1%5Bcontroller%5D=News&tx_news_pi1%5Bnews%5D=22017&tx_news_pi1%5BoverwriteDemand%5D%5Bcategories%5D=20&cHash=cac1731cb10c78eaeedbbc99574ab5d1

independentarabic:https://www.independentarabia.com/node/538251/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A9/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%87%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA-%D9%83%D9%84-%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85

- international committee of red cross (icrc). https://www.icrc.org/ar/doc/resources/documents/misc/62tc8a.htm

- zyad ali elgwary.(2022).” protecting journalist during war “ www.efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://mjle.journals.ekb.eg/article_264589_c8e73887cd1db02d5c255eddba264b9a.pdf. p.424

- United Nations. (https://www.ohchr.org/en/human-rights/universal-declaration/translations/english

- International Committee of the Red Cross Icrc: https://www.icrc.org/ar/doc/resources/documents/interview/30-international-conference-interview-notari-221107.htm#:~:text=%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B5%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%20%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89,%D9%8A%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%20%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A9%20%D9%81%D9%8A%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9.

- Sherif Atlam. ( 2009). “Encyclopedia of international law agreements”. International Committee of the Red Cross

- Reporters san borders safety guide in the conflect zone. (2002).publiched by UNESCO p.100

-United Nations : https://www.ohchr.org/ar/safety-of-journalists/un-plan-action-safety-journalists-and-issue-impunity

- Security Council Resolution No. 2222 regarding the protection of journalists: http://www.un.org/arabic/docs/viewdoc.asp?docnumber=S/RES/2222

[1] - Ghasn kahlot، mona hydaya. (2023). “Israel and international humanitarian law: searching for answers in light of a brutal war and marginalized law”. https://www.albasrah.net/ar_articles_2023/1223/qasan_301123.htm

- Ghassan Al-Kahlot - Mona Hedaya ( 2023).”Israel and international humanitarian law:Searching for answers in a brutal war And a marginal law”. Arabic center for political research. https://www.dohainstitute.org/ar/PoliticalStudies/Pages/israel-and-international-humanitarian-law-searching-for-answers-in-a-brutal-war.aspx

Indepth interview with :

Adnan Noaaman the BBC correspondent in Gaza

Ahmed Elrass the photographer National Agency in Gaza

Ali Elmagreby the freelance photographer in Gaza

Ali herz Tv anchor at ELkods channel in Gaza

Amad abu shawish freelance photographer in Gaza

Awad ELsharka tv director at MBC channels

Bakr Dawood broadcasting journalist at capital studies in Gaza

Doaa Gamal tv correspondent for many news channels

Ibrahim Hussien ELtalyaa news channel in Gaza

Sami Adnan Freelance journalist in Gaza

Sami Atef sultan free lance photographer in Gaza

Sami zyara the correspondent of ABC NEWS channel in Gaza

Wesam yassen the correspondent of el hora channel in Gaza