Colistin: A mainstay antibiotic for treatment of fatal Gram negative bacterial infections | ||||
| ERU Research Journal | ||||
| Volume 3, Issue 4, October 2024, Page 1615-1637 PDF (277.25 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Review article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/erurj.2024.242204.1081 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
Ahmed Mohamed El-Khatib  ; Ahmed Farouk Basyony
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| Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Our world is facing an enormous disaster due to spreading of the life-threatening bacterial infections, especially after the spread of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB), including those resistant to known antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, broad-spectrum penicillins, and other β-lactams antibiotics, such as monobactams and carbapenem. In addition, the a shortage of the production of new drugs that are able to overcome these life-threatening infections. This disaster has pushed the medical profession to re-use colistin, the old antibiotic, as the last hope drug for the treatment of these fatal infections. Colistin was discovered in 1950 and was rejected in most parts of the world due to its toxicity including nephrotoxicity. Unfortunately, the resistance against colistin has been discovered and this resistance has spread globally. Colistin resistance includes both intrinsic resistance and acquired resistance. The mechanisms of acquired colistin resistance were linked only to the chromosomal gene mutations until the discovery of the colistin resistance gene named the mobile colistin-resistant (mcr) gene which is mediated by the plasmid. In this review, we discuss the history, chemistry, spectrum of activity, mechanism of action, clinical uses and indications, adverse effects, mechanisms of colistin resistance, and antibiotic combinations with colistin. nd indications, adverse effects, mechanisms of colistin resistance and antibiotic combinations with colistin. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Antimicrobial resistance; mcr genes; Nephrotoxicity and Polymyxin | ||||
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