Neurophysiological Studies on the Effect of Acetone on Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizure in Rats | ||||
| Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences | ||||
| Article 10, Volume 31, Issue 1, December 2011, Page 135-146 PDF (217.91 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/besps.2011.35976 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Author | ||||
| Ahmed Shehata* | ||||
| Department of Physiology- National Organization for Drug Control and Research | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Recent interest in the anticonvulsant effects of acetone has stemmed from studies related to the ketogenic diet (KD). Despite knowledge of acetone's anticonvulsant properties, the neurochemical basis for this effect is not well known. The present study aimed to explore the neurochemical basis underlying the anticonvulsant effect of acetone in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) - induced convulsions. This was achieved through determining the neurochemical changes of acetone in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) – treated rats. Male adult rats received either saline, acetone (15 m mol/kg i.p.), PTZ (60 mg/kg, i.p.), or acetone 3 h before PTZ injection. Result showed that the maximum concentration of acetone reached about 3 h after acetone administration. Thus, the animals were administered pentylentetrazole three hours after acetone treatment. Pentylenetetrazole treated rats exhibited epilepsy, increased brain levels of excitatory amino acids (glutamate and aspartic acids) and decreased levels of inhibitory amino acid (γ-aminobutyric acid and glycine). In addition, pentylenetetrazole treatment decreased total antioxidant activity and reduced glutathione (GSH) in brain. Acetone pretreatment remarkably decreased seizure incidence rate and increased seizure latency. Moreover, acetone significantly minimized the disturbing effect of pentylenetetrazole on the redox status and the balance between excitatory and inhibitory amino acids. The study indicated that the epilepsy might be mediated, at least partially, through the disturbance in the redox status and imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory amino acids in the brain. Moreover, the study indicated that the antiepileptic effect of acetone might be due to its antioxidant effect and sustaining the balance between excitatory and inhibitory amino acids. Moreover, the study might recommend the concurrent intake of ketogenic diets with the conventional antiepileptic drugs. In addition, synthesizing new chemical entities yielding acetone during its metabolism in the body might provide new candidates as antiepileptic drugs. | ||||
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