To What Extent, Can Quercetin and Omega 3 Ameliorate Cardiac Muscle Changes Caused By Energy Drinks in Adult Male Albino Rats: Histological and Immunohistochemical Study | ||
| Egyptian Journal of Histology | ||
| Article 6, Volume 48, Issue 3, September 2025, Pages 874-886 PDF (1.01 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejh.2024.283932.2059 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Samar fawzy Gad* 1; Amal Ghoneimy Metwally2 | ||
| 1Department of Anatomy and embryology faculty of medicine benha university Egypt | ||
| 2anatomy and embryology, faculty of medicine, Benha university | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Introduction: Athletes and youth consume energy drinks (Eds) more often. They are sold as supplements that increase both mental and physical performance. Prolonged use of these increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Aim of the Work: The present work aimed to ascertain the extent of cardiac injury induced by EDs in mature male albino rats and explore the possible cardioprotective impacts of Quercetin and Omega 3. Materials and Methods: Forty adult albino rats were separated into 4 identical groups: the control group, the Omega 3 (Om) group, the Quercetin (Qu) group, and the Energy drink (ED) group. The ED group received Red Bull at a dose of 1.5 ml/100 g body weight , the Omega 3 group received both Red Bull and omega 3 at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight ,while Quercetin group received both Red Bull and Quercetin at a dose of 75 mg//kg body weight . For four weeks, each therapy was administered by gastric gavage once a day. The goal of obtaining blood samples was to determine the level of cardiac enzymes. Heart muscle samples were taken and prepared for histological and immunohistochemical examinations. Results: The anti-oxidant enzyme activity, MDA level, and serum cardiac enzyme level were all significantly altered in the ED treated group. The H&E stained sections revealed dark pyknotic nuclei in certain cardiomyocytes along with aberrant architecture of the cardiac muscle fibers with broad endomysium between them. P53, Desmin, and anti-fibronectin immunoreactivity were also shown to be disturbed. All of these results point to negative effects of EDs on the heart muscle structure. Treatment with Omega 3 or quercetin improves the histopathological results and biochemical measures. Conclusion: Since quercetin and omega 3 have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-apoptotic qualities, they may be able to lessen the potentially detrimental effects of energy drinks on the heart. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Cardiac muscle; energy drinks; omega 3; quercetin | ||
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