Water Use Efficiency, Yield and Quality of Sugar Beet Grown under Center Pivot and Fixed Sprinkler Irrigation Systems as Affected by Water Deficit and Boron Application. | ||||
| Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering | ||||
| Article 5, Volume 8, Issue 3, March 2017, Page 133-138 PDF (606.79 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jssae.2017.37231 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| Kh. El Hamdi1; M. El-Shazly2; A. Mosa1; M. El Dereny1 | ||||
| 1Soils Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University | ||||
| 2Soil, Water and Environment Institute, Agriculture Research Center. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| A field experiment was conducted at a private farm located at Wadi El Natrun District, Al Behaira Governorate (30°484' N latitude and 30°497' E longitude) during seasons of 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 to evaluate the effect of irrigation techniques, deficit irrigation levels and spraying with boron on water use efficiency, yield and quality of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Eighteen treatments were arranged in a split- split plot design with three replicates, which were the simple combinations of two methods of sprinkler irrigation system (fixed sprinkler and center pivot), three deficit irrigation levels i.e. 60, 80 and 100% of the full irrigation water requirement (IWR) (ETc. = 589 mm fed.-1) and three levels of foliar application of boron (without boron, 1.0 and 1.5 g L-1). Results indicated that sugar beet grown under center pivot irrigation system produced higher values of quantitative yield indices at 190 days after sowing including, root length (cm), root diameter (cm), root fresh weight (g plant-1), and root yield (Mg fed-1) compared to sprinkler irrigation system in the two growing seasons. In addition, sugar and purity percentages were significantly higher under center pivot than fixed sprinkler irrigation system. Meanwhile, impurities concentration (i.e. Na, K and α- amino N) was higher under fixed sprinkler than center pivot irrigation system. Deficit irrigation level of 60% from IWR achieved the lowest mean values of all quantitative yield characteristics and the highest concentrations of impurities. Meanwhile, the highest root length was obtained under the deficit irrigation level of 80% from IWR. The maximum values of quantitative yield characteristics, sugar and purity percentages were achieved under 100% from full IWR. Foliar application of boron at rate of 1.5 g L-1 led to an increase in root length, diameter, fresh weight and yield compared to control treatment. In addition, sugar and purity percentages were the highest under this treatment. On contrary, the impurities (Na, K and α- amino N) concentrations were significantly the lowest under rate of 1.5 g L-1. Center pivot irrigation system improved the water use efficiency (WUE) as compared to fixed sprinkler irrigation system under different deficit irrigation levels as following; 10.0, 10.5 and 9.1 vs.8.2, 8.7 and 7.6 kg m-3 in the first season and 10.2, 11.2 and 9.6 vs. 8.8, 9.2 and 7.9 kg m-3 in the second season with 60, 80 and 100% from IWR, respectively). It could be concluded that, sugar beet plants irrigated by center pivot system using 80% from IWR and foliar application with boron at rate of 1.5 g L-1 is recommended for obtaining the highest yield of sugar beet with higher sucrose productivity and purity during manufacturing process. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Sugar beet; Water deficit; water use efficiency; boron fertilization; center pivot system; fixed sprinkler irrigation system | ||||
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