A looming shadow: Impact of parasitic infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A comprehensive review | ||||
| Parasitologists United Journal | ||||
| Article 2, Volume 17, Issue 2, August 2024, Page 74-83 PDF (407.69 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Review Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/puj.2024.301795.1255 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
Marwa Hamouda   1; Mohamed Ebrahim2; Sara Atwa2; Dina Awad2; Wafaa El-Zayady3; Nora Saleh4
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| 1Departments of Medical Parasitology ,Faculties of Medicine,Mansoura, Egypt | ||||
| 2Departments of Medical Oncology , Faculties of Medicine,Mansoura, Egypt | ||||
| 3Departments of Medical Parasitology,Faculties of Medicine, Mansoura,Egypt | ||||
| 4Departments of Medical Parasitology, Faculties of Medicine, Mansoura , and New Mansoura Universities, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Parasitic infections have a significant impact on recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), posing considerable risks of morbidity and mortality. They cause a diverse array of clinical syndromes, ranging from asymptomatic to severe disseminated disease. The incidence and range of parasitic infections vary according to geographic region, transplant type, conditioning regimen (the high dose of chemotherapy and radiotherapy to suppressive bone marrow), and immunosuppressive therapy. Early recognition of parasitic infections in HSCT recipients is challenging due to possible nonspecific clinical manifestations and overlapping symptoms with other infectious, and non-infectious complications. This calls for a high index of suspicion and a systematic diagnostic approach for timely diagnosis and appropriate management. Current diagnostic methods, such as microscopy, serological assays, molecular tests, and imaging studies, have limitations in sensitivity and specificity, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic tools. Treatment requires a specific approach based on the pathogen, clinical syndrome, immune status and transplant-related factors, often involving antiparasitic agents combined with supportive care. Despite advances, gaps remain in optimizing management, necessitating further research into diagnostic technologies, host-pathogen interactions, treatment strategies, and preventive measures. A multidisciplinary approach leveraging emerging technologies is essential for improving outcomes in HSCT recipients with parasitic infections. This review discusses broadly the clinical presentations, diagnostic approaches, treatment strategies, and preventive measures for parasitic infections in HSCT recipients. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| clinical presentation; diagnosis; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; parasitic infections; prevention; treatment | ||||
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