Evaluation of the effect of Egyptian propolis on experimental trichinosis in mice: In vitro and in vivo studies | ||||
| Parasitologists United Journal | ||||
| Article 3, Volume 17, Issue 2, August 2024, Page 84-95 PDF (1.26 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/puj.2024.282266.1243 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
| Nermeen Abd El-Samee; Taysseer Younis; Hala El Deeb; Abeer Abd El- Rahman* | ||||
| Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Background: Drug resistance to Albendazole (ALB) is common in treatment of trichinosis. Propolis proved an effective safe new therapy for treatment of several parasitic diseases. Objective: To evaluate the effect of Egyptian propolis ethanolic extract on T. spiralis adult and muscle larva in vitro and in vivo. Material and Methods: The in vitro study utilized adult worms and muscle larvae and included GI (control group), GII (propolis group), and GIII (drug combination group). Parameters used for evaluation were mortality rate and cuticle ultrastructural changes. The in vivo study utilized four groups of 160 mice that included GI (control group), GII (propolis group), GIII (drug combination group), and GIV (prophylactic group). Total adult and larval burden in intestine and muscles, biochemical, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry assessments were conducted. Results: In a dose and time-dependent manner, propolis extract showed potent lethal effect on both adult and muscle larva during in vitro 24 h culture with LD90 of 2.58 mg/ml and 58 mg/ml, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that propolis extract exerted detrimental cuticle changes of adults and larvae. In vivo results showed a statistically significant reduction in the mean adult and larval burden, marked improvement of biochemical parameters, reduced inflammation, and fibrosis in intestinal and muscle specimens with lowered pro-apoptotic Bcl-2-associated X (BAX) protein expression especially when combined with ALB. Compared to propolis group, there was more reduction of the mean adult and larval burden in the prophylactic group with marked improvement of biochemical parameters, reduced inflammation and fibrosis in intestinal and muscle tissues. Conclusion: Propolis extract is a promising prophylactic and effective anthelminthic alternative. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Albendazole; Egyptian propolis; in vitro; in vivo; trichinosis; prophylaxis; SEM | ||||
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