The diversity of multidrug-resistant bacteria in bloodstream infection from Indonesian patients
Prastiyanto, M., Hikmah, A., Sulistyaningtyas, A., Darmawati, S., Koyou, H., Naqib, A., Salleh, M. (2025). The diversity of multidrug-resistant bacteria in bloodstream infection from Indonesian patients. EKB Journal Management System, 6(4), 6411-6421. doi: 10.21608/mid.2024.328212.2282
Muhammad Evy Prastiyanto; Annisa Nurul Hikmah; Ayu Rahmawati Sulistyaningtyas; Sri Darmawati; Haily Liduin Koyou; Ahmad Naqib; Mohd Nazil Salleh. "The diversity of multidrug-resistant bacteria in bloodstream infection from Indonesian patients". EKB Journal Management System, 6, 4, 2025, 6411-6421. doi: 10.21608/mid.2024.328212.2282
Prastiyanto, M., Hikmah, A., Sulistyaningtyas, A., Darmawati, S., Koyou, H., Naqib, A., Salleh, M. (2025). 'The diversity of multidrug-resistant bacteria in bloodstream infection from Indonesian patients', EKB Journal Management System, 6(4), pp. 6411-6421. doi: 10.21608/mid.2024.328212.2282
Prastiyanto, M., Hikmah, A., Sulistyaningtyas, A., Darmawati, S., Koyou, H., Naqib, A., Salleh, M. The diversity of multidrug-resistant bacteria in bloodstream infection from Indonesian patients. EKB Journal Management System, 2025; 6(4): 6411-6421. doi: 10.21608/mid.2024.328212.2282

The diversity of multidrug-resistant bacteria in bloodstream infection from Indonesian patients

Microbes and Infectious Diseases
Volume 6, Issue 4, November 2025, Pages 6411-6421    PDF (614.89 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/mid.2024.328212.2282
Authors
Muhammad Evy Prastiyanto1; Annisa Nurul Hikmah1; Ayu Rahmawati Sulistyaningtyas* 1; Sri Darmawati1; Haily Liduin Koyou* 2; Ahmad Naqib2; Mohd Nazil Salleh* 2
1Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Nursing and Health Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang. Jl. Kedungmundu Raya No. 18, Semarang 50273, Central Java, Indonesia.
2Medical Laboratory Technology, University College MAIWP International (UCMI), Malaysia
Abstract
Background: Multidrug-resistant bacteria cases are increasing globally, including in Indonesia. Bloodstream infection (Bacteremia) is a term that represents the presence of bacteria in patient blood. Blood cultures have become one of the most critically important and frequently performed in the clinical microbiology laboratory. Aim: to determine the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial isolates in bloodstream infection patients in Indonesia. Methods: Over three years (January 2020 to December 2022) a cross-sectional study was conducted at Tugurejo Hospital in Semarang, Indonesia, to collect 184 bacterial isolates from patients with bloodstream infections. The initial identification involves Gram staining and colony morphology assessment, biochemical assays, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing utilizing the VITEK®2 Compact system. Results: The most identified bacterial isolate was Staphylococcus aureus (73.9 %), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.9 %), Acinetobacter sp. (8.7 %), and Escherichia coli (6.4 %). The overall prevalence of MDR bacterial isolates was >80 %, with the highest resistance observed in Staphylococcus aureus to benzylpenicillin (91.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli to ampicillin (100 % and 91.9 %) and Acinetobacter sp. to Cefazolin (100 %). Conclusion: Our study revealed that the presence of MDR pathogens in Bloodstream Infection was noteworthy. The findings of this study would assist in the decision-making process regarding Bloodstream Infection treatment.
Keywords
Bacteremia; MDR bacteria; bloodstream; Indonesia; prevalence
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