التحيز المعرفي والامتنان کمنبآت بالصمود الأکاديمي لدى عينة من طلبة المرحلة الثانوية | ||||
التربية (الأزهر): مجلة علمية محکمة للبحوث التربوية والنفسية والاجتماعية) | ||||
Article 15, Volume 37, 180 جزء2, October 2018, Page 649-708 PDF (879.87 K) | ||||
Document Type: بحوث فی مجال علم النفس والصحة النفسیة | ||||
DOI: 10.21608/jsrep.2019.39471 | ||||
View on SCiNiTO | ||||
Author | ||||
منال محمود محمد مصطفى | ||||
أستاذ مساعد علم النفس التربوي - قسم علم النفس التربوي – کلية الدراسات العليا للتربية - جامعة القاهرة | ||||
Abstract | ||||
هدفت الدراسة إلى تحديد العلاقة بين الصمود الأکاديمي وکلٍّ من الامتنان والتحيز المعرفي لدى عينة من طلبة المرحلة الثانوية، کما هدفت لتحديد إسهام کل من الامتنان وأبعاد التحيز المعرفي في التنبؤ بالصمود الأکاديمي لدى عينة الدراسة، ومعرفة أيٍّ من هذين المتغيرين يتنبأ بدرجة أکبر بالصمود الأکاديمي لدى عينة الدراسة.وقد استخدمت الدراسة الأسلوب الارتباطي التنبؤي لتعرُّفِ نمطَ العلاقة بين متغيرات الدراسة، والتنبؤ بينها. وتکوّنت عينة الدراسة من (115) طالبا وطالبة من طلبة المرحلة الثانوية، وهم الطلبة المقيدون للعام الدراسي 2018/ 2019 الفصل الدراسي الأول، وتم انتقاؤهم بالمعاينة العشوائية البسيطة. وبلغ المتوسط والانحراف المعياري لِعُمرِأفراد العينة (16.26±0.608) عامًا. وأعدت الباحثة کلًا من مقياس الامتنان، ومقياس التحيز المعرفي، من خلال المواقف الحياتية، وتعريب مقياسCassidy (2016) للصمود الأکاديميمن خلال مواقف الحياة. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أن جميع معاملات ارتباط بيرسون بين متغير الصمود الاکاديمي والتحيز المعرفي وأبعاده (القفزإلىالاستنتاجات، وتحيز جمود المعتقدات، وتحيز الانتباه للمهددات، والتحيز للعزو الخارجي، والمشکلاتالمعرفيةالاجتماعية، والمشکلاتالمعرفيةالذاتية، والسلوکالآمن) - اتسمت بکونها معاملات ارتباط سالبة، بينما کان معامل ارتباط بين الصمود الأکاديمي والامتنان موجبا، کما تنبأ کل من الامتنان وبُعد القفز إلى الاستنتاجات، وبُعد تحيز جمود المعتقدات، وبُعد التحيز للعزو الخارجي - بالصمود الأکاديمي، وکان الامتنان أقوى منبئ بالصمود الأکاديمي، يليه تحيز جمود المعتقدات، ثم بُعد القفز إلى الاستنتاجات، وبُعد التحيز للعزو الخارجي. this study aims to explore the relationship among academic resilience, gratitude and the cognitive bias resilience among sample of secondary students. A second purpose of this study is to determine the contribution of gratitude and the cognitive bias as predictors of the academic resilience and explore which of these two independent variables is more effective in predicting academic resilience among sample of secondary students. The study follows a descriptive approach: specifically, the correlative predictive method in order to shed light on the pattern of relationships holding between the variables of the study, and also predict relations between them. The study sample consisted of (115) secondary school students at the Genius school in Giza Governorate.They are enrolled in the first semester of the academic year 2018/2019, They were selected on the basis of random inspection statistics. The average age and standard deviation of members of the sample are (16.26 ± 0.608) years, respectively. The study used the measure of the Cognitive bias through life positions (Prepared by the researcher) and Measure of gratitudethrough life positions (Prepared by the researcher). Cassidy (2016) translation of academic resilience through life positions, was made by the researcher. The study found that all Pearson correlation coefficients among the academic resilience variable and cognitive bias and its dimensions , jumping to conclusion, belief inflexibility bias, attention for threat bias, external attribution bias, safety behavior, social cognition problems, subjective cognitive problems, Were characterized as negative correlation coefficients, The correlation between academic resilience and gratitude was positive, And the prediction of academic resilience through gratitude and jumping to conclusion, and belief inflexibility bias, and external attribution bias, gratitude was more powerful predictor of academic resilience, followed by belief inflexibility bias, then jumping to conclusion, then external attribution bias. | ||||
Supplementary Files
|
||||
References | ||||
الحموری، فراس (2017). التحیزات المعرفیة لدى طلبة جامعة الیرموک وعلاقتها بالجنس والتحصیل الأکادیمی المجلة الاردنیة فی العلوم التربویة، 13(1)، 1-14. عطیة،أشرفمحمدمحمد (2011). الصمودالأکادیمیوعلاقتهبتقدیرالذاتلدىعینةمنطلابالتعلیم المفتوح. مجلة دراساتنفسیة، 21(4)، 571-621. قرنی، سعاد کامل؛ احمد، احمد عبد الملک (2017). الإسهام النسبی للتوجه الإیجابی نحو المستقبل وتنظیم الذات فی التنبؤ بالصمود الأکادیمیلدى الطلاب المتفوقین دراسیا بکلیة التربیة جامعة المنیا: دراسة من منظور علم النفس الإیجابی. مجلة دراسات عربیة فی التربیة وعلم النفس، مجلد خاص (1)، 185-225. المنشاوی، عادل محمود (2016). نموذجسببیللعلاقاتالمتبادلةبینالشفقةبالذات وکلمنالإرهاقوالصمودالأکادیمیلدىالطالب المعلم. مجلة کلیة التربیة جامعة الاسکندریة، 26 (5)، 153-225. زهران، محمدحامد؛ زهران، سناءحامد(2013). العواملالخمسةالکبرىللشخصیةوعلاقتهابکلمنالصمود الأکادیمی والاستغراقالوظیفیلدىطلابالدراساتالعلیا العاملینبالتدریس. مجلة الارشاد النفسی، 36 (4)، 333-420. حسن، هانی سعید (2014).الإسهامالنسبیللتسامحوالامتنانفیالتنبؤبالسعادةلدى طلابالجامعة : دراسةفیعلمالنفسالإیجابی. مجلة دراسات عربیة فی التربیة وعلم النفس ،24(2) ، 143-184. محمود، هبة (2017). أنماطالتعلقالوجدانیکمنبئبکلمنالشعوربالوحدة النفسیةوالامتنانلدىالمراهقینمنالجنسین. مجلة دراسات عربیة فی التربیة وعلم النفس، 16(1) ، 177-228. Akhtar, S. (2013). Good stuff: Courage, resilience, gratitude, generosity, forgiveness, and sacrifice. Lanham, MD: Jason Aronson. Algoe, S. B. (2012). Find, remind, and bind: The functions of gratitude ineveryday relationships. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 6,455–469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2012.00439.x. Algoe, S. B., Gable, S. L., & Maisel, N. C. (2010). It’s the little things: Everyday gratitude as a booster shot for romantic relationships. Personal Relationships, 17, 217–233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.14756811.2010.01273.x. Beadel, J. R., Mathews, A., & Teachman, B. A. (2016). Cognitive bias modification to enhance resilience to a panic challenge. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 40(6), 799-812. doi:10.1007/s10608-016-9791-z. Borman, G. D., & Overman, L. T. (2004). Academic resilience in mathematics amongpoor and minority students. The Elementary School Journal, 104, 177–195.doi:10.1086/499748. Cassidy, S. (2016). The Academic Resilience Scale (ARS-30): A new multidimensional construct measure. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1-11. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01787. Chan, S. W. Y., Lau, J. Y. F., & Reynolds, S. A. (2015). Is cognitive bias modification training truly beneficial for adolescents? Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 56(11), 1239–1248. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12368 Combs, D. R., Penn, D. L., Wicher, M., & Waldheter, E. (2007). The Ambiguous Intentions Hostility Questionnaire (AIHQ): A new measure for evaluating hostile social-cognitive biases in paranoia. Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, 12(2), 128–143. https://doi.org/10.1080/13546800600787854. Compas, B. E., & Reeslund, K. L. (2009). Processes of risk and resilience during adolescence. In R. M. Lerner & L. Steinberg (Eds.), Handbook of adolescent psychology: Individual bases of adolescent development., Vol. 1, 3rd ed. (pp. 561–588). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470479193.adlpsy001017. Cortina, M. A., Stein, A., Kahn, K., Hlungwani, T. M., Holmes, E. A., & Fazel, M. (2016). Cognitive styles and psychological functioning in rural South African school students: Understanding influences for risk and resilience in the face of chronic adversity. Journal of Adolescence, 49, 38–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.01.010. Cox, P., Bamford, G. M., & Lau, J. Y. F. (2016). Cognitive bias modification as a strategy to reduce children’s fears and concerns about the secondary school transition. Anxiety, Stress& Coping, 29(4), 447–456. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2015.1058367. Dickinson, M. J., & Dickinson, D. A. G. (2015). Practically perfect in every way: can reframing perfectionism for high-achieving undergraduates impact academic resilience? Studies in Higher Education, 40(10), 1889–1903. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2014.912625. Dwiwardani, C., Hill, P. C., Bollinger, R. A., Marks, L. E., Steele, J. R., Doolin, H. N., … Davis, D. E. (2014). Virtues develop from a secure base: Attachment and resilience as predictors of humility, gratitude, and forgiveness. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 42(1), 83–90. Ellis, W. T. (2011). Against the odds: Academic resilience among high-ability African American adolescents living in rural poverty. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. ProQuest Information & Learning. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2011-99050-200&site=ehost-live Fagley, N. S. (2012). Appreciation uniquely predicts life satisfaction abovedemographics, the Big 5 personality factors, and gratitude. Personality and IndividualDifferences, 53, 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid .2012.02.019 Fallon, C. M. (2011). School factors that promote academic resilience in urban Latino high school students. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. ProQuest Information & Learning. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2011-99070-171&site=ehost-live&scope=site Foshee, C. M. (2014). Conditions that promote the academic performance of college students in a remedial mathematics course: Academic competence, academic resilience, and the learning environment. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. ProQuest Information & Learning. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2014-99070-112&site=ehost-live&scope=site Foster, T. A. (2014). An exploration of academic resilience among rural students living in poverty. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. ProQuest Information & Learning. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2014-99050-532&site=ehost-live&scope=site Gardynik, U. (2009). Defying the odds: Academic resilience of students with learning disabilities. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. ProQuest Information & Learning. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2009-99130-320&site=ehost-live&scope=site Gizir, C. A., & Aydin, G. (2009). Protective factors contributing to the academic resilience of students living in poverty in Turkey. Professional School Counseling, 13(1), 38–49. https://doi.org/10.5330/PSC.n.2010-13.38. Gizir, C. A., & Aydin, G. (2009). Protective factors contributing to the academic resilience of students living in poverty in Turkey. Professional School Counseling, 13(1), 38–49. https://doi.org/10.5330/PSC.n.2010-13.38. Goldstein, B. (2015). Cognitive psychology, connecting mind, research, and everyday experience. (4th ed.). USA, Boston: Cengage Learning. Haglund, M. E. M., Nestadt, P. S., Cooper, N. S., Southwick, S. M., & Charney, D. S. (2007). Psychobiological mechanisms of resilience: Relevance to prevention and treatment of stress-related psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 19(3), 889–920. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579407000430 Harris, C. M. (2016). Gratitude’s role in improving student engagement, academic achievement, and attendance: A longitudinal field experiment. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. ProQuest Information & Learning. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2016-42141-154&site=ehost-live. Hart, L. M. (2018). Factors contributing to academic resilience of former homeless high school students: A phenomenological study. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. ProQuest Information & Learning. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2017-29362-242&site=ehost-live&scope=site Hoorelbeke, K., Marchetti, I., De Schryver, M., & Koster, E. H. W. (2016). The interplay between cognitive risk and resilience factors in remitted depression: A network analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 195, 96–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.02.001 Kanevsky, L., Corke, M., & Frangkiser, L. (2008). The academic resilience and psychosocial characteristics of inner-city english learners in a museum-based school program. Education and Urban Society, 40(4), 452-475. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013124507304693. Kleim, B., Thörn, H. A., & Ehlert, U. (2014). Positive interpretation bias predicts well-being in medical interns. Frontiers in Psychology, 5. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2014-43948-001&site=ehost-live&scope=site Lamond, A. J., Depp, C. A., Allison, M., Langer, R., Reichstadt, J., Moore, D. J., … Jeste, D. V. (2008). Measurement and predictors of resilience among community-dwelling older women. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 43(2), 148–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.03.007 Lawrence, S. D. (2011). Closing the achievement gap: Factors that promote academic resilience in high school foster youth. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. ProQuest Information & Learning. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2011-99070-172&site=ehost-live Li, H. (2017). The ‘secrets’ of Chinese students’ academic success: Academic resilience among students from highly competitive academic environments. Educational Psychology, 37(8), 1001–1014. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2017.1322179. Lu, B., Hui, M., & Yu-Xia, H. (2005). The Development of Native Chinese Affective Picture System--A pretest in 46 College Students. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 19(11), 719–722. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost. Com /login. aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2005-15454-001&site=ehost-live Mackintosh, B., Mathews, A., Eckstein, D., & Hoppitt, L. (2013). Specificity effects in the modification of interpretation bias and stress reactivity. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, 4(2), 133–147. https://doi.org/10.5127/jep.025711. Martin, A. J. (2007). Examining a multidimensional model of student motivation and engagement using a construct validation approach. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 77(2), 413–440. https://doi.org/10.1348/000709906X118036. Martin, A. J. (2013). Academic buoyancy and academic resilience: Exploring ‘everyday’ and ‘classic’ resilience in the face of academic adversity. School Psychology International, 34(5), 488-500. doi:10.1177/0143034312472759. Martin, A. J., & Marsh, H. W. (2009). Academic resilience and academic buoyancy:Multidimensional and hierarchical conceptual framing of causes, correlates, and cognateconstructs. Oxford Review of Education, .Î5, 353-370. doi:10.1080/03054980902934639. Masten, A. S., & Gewirtz, A. H. (2006). Vulnerability and Resilience in early child development. In K. McCartney & D. Phillips (Eds.), Blackwell handbook of early childhood development. (pp. 22–43). Malden: Blackwell Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470757703.ch2. Mathews, A., & Mackintosh, B. (2000). Induced emotional interpretation bias and anxiety. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109(4), 602–615. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.109.4.602. Mathews, A., & MacLeod, C. (2002). Inducedprocessing biases have causal effects on anxiety.Cognition and Emotion, 16(3), 331–354. doi:10.1080/02699930143000518. McCanlies, E. C., Gu, J. K., Andrew, M. E., & Violanti, J. M. (2018). The effect of social support, gratitude, resilience and satisfaction with life on depressive symptoms among police officers following Hurricane Katrina. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 64(1), 63-72. doi:10.1177/0020764017746197. McCullough, M. E., Emmons, R. A., & Tsang, J. A. (2002). The grateful disposition: A conceptual and empirical topography. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 112–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.82.1.11. McCullough, M. E., Kilpatrick, S. D., Emmons, R. A., & Larson, D. B.(2001). Is gratitude a moral affect? Psychological Bulletin, 127, 249–266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.127.2.249. Morales, E. E. (2008). Academic resilience in retrospect: Following up a decade later. Journal of Hispanic Higher Education, 7(3), 228–248. https://doi.org/10.1177/1538192708317119. Moritz, S., Mayer-Stassfurth, H., Endlich, L., Andreou, C., Ramdani, N., Petermann, F., & Balzan, R. (2015). The Benefits of Doubt: Cognitive Bias Correction Reduces Hasty Decision-Making in Schizophrenia. Cognitive Therapy & Research, 39(5), 627–635. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-015-9690-8 Olson, R., Knepple Carney, A., & Hicks Patrick, J. (2018). Associations between gratitude and spirituality: An experience sampling approach. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, doi:10.1037/rel0000164. Palmieri, E. T. (2018). Safeguarding the counselor heart: Exploring the relationship between burnout, resilience and gratitude in clinical counselors. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. ProQuest Information & Learning. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2018-09133-190&site=ehost-live. Peng, L., Cao, H.-W., Yu, Y., & Li, M. (2017). Resilience and cognitive bias in Chinese male medical freshmen. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 8. 640-664. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00158. Powers, T. V. (2004). The relationship among protective factors, volition, and academic resilience in chronically-ill adolescents. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. ProQuest Information & Learning. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2004-99010-252&site=ehost-live. Rabinovitz, S., & Nagar, M. (2015). Possible End to an Endless Quest? Cognitive Bias Modification for Excessive Multiplayer Online Gamers. CyberPsychology, Behavior & Social Networking, 18(10), 581–587. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2015.0173. Ricketts, S. N., Engelhard, G. J., & Chang, M. (2017). Development and validation of a scale to measure academic resilience in mathematics. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 33(2), 79-86. doi:10.1027/1015-5759/a000274. Sandler, I., Wolchik, S., Davis, C., Haine, R., & Ayers, T. (2003). Correlational and experimental study of resilience in children of divorce and parentally bereaved children. In S. S. Luthar (Ed.), Resilience and vulnerability: Adaptation in the context of childhood adversities. (pp. 213–240). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511615788.011. Sun, P., Jiang, H., Chu, M., & Qian, F. (2014). Gratitude and school well-being among Chinese university students: Interpersonal relationships and social support as mediators. Social Behavior and Personality, 42(10), 1689-1698. doi:10.2224/sbp.2014.42.10.1689. Taylor, S. Y. (2007). Academic resilience in African American students: A study of recovery from proximal risk. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. ProQuest Information & Learning. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2007-99211-030&site=ehost-live. Thorndike, J. M. (2008). Gratitude and human flourishing: Examining the benefits of gratitude on effective coping, resilience and well-being. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. ProQuest Information & Learning. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2008-99020-215&site=ehost-live. Topham, P., & Moller, N. (2011). New students’ psychological well-being and its relation to first year academic performance in a UK university. Counselling & Psychotherapy Research, 11(3), 196–203. https://doi.org/10.1080/14733145.2010.519043. Tugade, M. M., Fredrickson, B. L., & Barrett, L. F. (2004). Psychological resilience and positive emotional granularity: Examining the benefits of positive emotions on coping and health. Journal of Personality, 72(6), 1161–1190. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2004.00294.x. Van der Gaag, M., Schütz, C., ten Napel, A., Landa, Y.,Delespaul, P., Bak, M., …, de Hert, M. (2013).Development of the Davos assessment of cognitivebiases scale (DACOBS). Schizophrenia Research, 144, 63-71. doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2012.12.010 VanderLind, R. (2019). Identity development, stigma, and academic resilience in college students with mental illness. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. ProQuest Information & Learning. Retrievedfrom http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2018-52506-279&site=ehost-live Vassilopoulos, S. P., & Banerjee, R. (2008). Interpretations and judgements regarding positive and negative social scenariosin childhood social anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46(7), 870–876. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.03.008. Vernon, L. L., Dillon, J. M., & Steiner, A. R. W. (2009). Proactive coping, gratitude, and posttraumatic stress disorder in college women. Anxiety,Stress & Coping, 22, 117–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10615800802203751 Vieselmeyer, J., Holguin, J., & Mezulis, A. (2017). The role of resilience and gratitude in posttraumatic stress and growth following a campus shooting. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 9(1), 62-69. doi:10.1037/tra0000149. Visserman, M. L., Righetti, F., Impett, E. A., Keltner, D., & Van Lange, P. M. (2018). It’s the motive that counts: Perceived sacrifice motives and gratitude in romantic relationships. Emotion, 18(5), 625 637. doi:10.1037/emo0000344. Washizu, N., & Naito, T. (2015). The emotions sumanai, gratitude, and indebtedness, and their relations to interpersonal orientation and psychological well-being among Japanese university students. International Perspectives in Psychology: Research, Practice, Consultation, 4(3), 209-222. doi:10.1037/ipp0000037. Weaver, D. E. (2010). The relationship between cultural/ethnic identity and individual protective factors of academic resilience. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences. ProQuest Information & Learning. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2010-99031-076&site=ehost-live. Wu, H.-Y., Hsin, Y.-Z., Chien, C.-L., Jone, K.-Y., & Chen, W.-Y. (2017). Effects of gratitude program on gratitude, well-being and resilience of undergraduate students. Bulletin of Educational Psychology, 49(1), 43–67. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=psyh&AN=2017-52184-005&site=ehost-live
| ||||
Statistics Article View: 514 PDF Download: 2,298 |
||||