Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Different Uses Case Study: El Minya Governorate, Egypt
El Gammal, H., Ibrahim, L. (2017). Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Different Uses Case Study: El Minya Governorate, Egypt. EKB Journal Management System, 21(4), 1-20. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2017.4131
Hussein Abdel Halim El Gammal; Lubna A. Ibrahim. "Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Different Uses Case Study: El Minya Governorate, Egypt". EKB Journal Management System, 21, 4, 2017, 1-20. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2017.4131
El Gammal, H., Ibrahim, L. (2017). 'Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Different Uses Case Study: El Minya Governorate, Egypt', EKB Journal Management System, 21(4), pp. 1-20. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2017.4131
El Gammal, H., Ibrahim, L. Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Different Uses Case Study: El Minya Governorate, Egypt. EKB Journal Management System, 2017; 21(4): 1-20. doi: 10.21608/ejabf.2017.4131

Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Different Uses Case Study: El Minya Governorate, Egypt

Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
Article 1, Volume 21, Issue 4, October 2017, Page 1-20  XML PDF (987.82 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/ejabf.2017.4131
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Authors
Hussein Abdel Halim El Gammal email ; Lubna A. Ibrahim
Secretary General, National Water Research Center (NWRC), Cairo,Egypt
Abstract
The prime goals of the present study are to assess trends in the concentrations of the groundwater quality and evaluate this water for domestic, agriculture and various industrial processes.  Groundwater quality indicators were monitored, for the first time, for4 years (2011, 2013, 2014 and -2015) from three wells constructed in El-Sheikh Fadl, Bani Mazar, El Minya Governorate, Egypt. Quality indicators included pH, alkalinity, TDS, hardness, Na+,  k+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, SO42-, NO3-, S2-, Al3+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Mn2+and Ni2+concentrations.Based on the outcomes, groundwater was classified as brackish water. Elevated pH, alkalinity, Ca2+, SO42-, NO3-, S2-, Al3+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Mn2+and Ni2+ concentrations were observed over monitoring years. Three main Varimax-rotated factors counted for 82.53 % of the total variance of the quality variables revealing how process like water-rock interaction, salinization and industrial pollution influence groundwater quality. The groundwater samples have a mixed mineralization that is possibly pure marine water affected by leaching and dissolution and cation exchange of both meteoric water (rainy water containing cement dust) and terrestrial salts. Groundwater is generally supersaturated with respect to calcite, dolomite and aragonite minerals. The water wells are not suitable for drinking and irrigation. For industrial, the groundwater needs further treatment.
Keywords
Groundwater quality; spatial variation; temporal variation; El Minya governorate
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