ZnO doped Fe3O4/Activated carbon Composite for High Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Congo red Dye | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Chemistry | ||||
| Volume 68, Issue 12, December 2025, Page 213-224 PDF (4.46 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejchem.2025.362947.11349 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
Fahma Riyanti ; Erida Novrilia; Fatma Fatma; Desnelli Desnelli ; Widia Purwaningrum ; Poedji Loekitowati Hariani 
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| Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Ogan Ilir 30662, Indonesia | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| The widespread presence of dyes in water necessitates study to mitigate these hazardous substances. The current investigation synthesized Fe₃O₄/activated carbon (AC) doped with ZnO to create the Fe₃O₄/AC@ZnO composite, utilized for the photocatalytic degradation of Congo red dye. Activated carbon was produced from bamboo utilizing KOH as an activator. The synthesized Fe₃O₄/AC@ZnO composite was characterized utilizing various instruments, including X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Electron Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM), BET surface area analysis. The absorbance of Congo red dye was assessed UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS). Fe₃O₄/AC@ZnO composite exhibits magnetic properties with a magnetic moment of 59.37 emu/g, a bandgap of 2.16 eV, and a surface area of 131.56 m²/g. Fe₃O₄/AC@ZnO has tremendous performance as catalyst under visible light, achieving a 99.20% reduction of Congo red dye at pH 4, a dosage of 0.3 g/L, a dye concentration of 20 mg/L, and an irradiation time of 80 min. Furthermore, the catalyst exhibits significant stability, with an efficiency of 92% after five repetitions. The superoxide anion (•O₂⁻) plays a fundamental function in degradation. The pseudo-first-order model effectively describe the kinetic behavior of the photocatalytic degradation of Congo red dye. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Fe3O4/AC@ZnO composite; magnetism; photocatalytic degradation; Congo red; recycle | ||||
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