The future of warfare: Arthropods as blueprints for military innovation | ||
| Parasitologists United Journal | ||
| Article 3, Volume 18, Issue 2, September 2025, Pages 99-106 PDF (383.27 K) | ||
| Document Type: Review Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/puj.2025.391227.1300 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Asmaa M Ammar* 1; Noha A Elleboudy2; Shimaa E Mohammed1 | ||
| 1Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo | ||
| 2Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Arthropoda is the largest and most diverse group of organisms on earth. Their association with warfare provides a different perspective that links entomology and military studies. This review explores the different aspects of arthropods’ applications in warfare by emphasizing their roles in biological and psychological warfare, applications in surveillance, logistics, medical support, and their contributions to forensic science. As technology advances, the potential military applications of arthropods in warfare continue to develop, presenting new challenges and possibilities. Consideration of ethical standards, legal aspects, e.g., failure of biological weapon convention to address technological advances, banning weapons without specifying, and lacking transparency protocols, and promotion of expertise collaboration, endorses the efficacy of arthropods while protecting global security and ecological stability. This review highlights the vital roles of arthropods that necessitate coordination across scientific, military and environmental sectors. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| arboweapons; arthropods; cybersecurity; cyborg insects; forensic entomology; warfare | ||
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