REHABILITATION OF MULTIPLE TUNNELS USING FILTER | ||||
| The International Conference on Civil and Architecture Engineering | ||||
| Article 17, Volume 7, 7th International Conference on Civil and Architecture Engineering, May 2008, Page 309-325 PDF (937.8 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/iccae.2008.45465 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| M. N. Salem1; M. H. Mowafy2; H. M. El Deeb3 | ||||
| 1Assoc. Prof., Water and Water Structures Eng. Dept., Faculty of Eng., Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. | ||||
| 2Prof. of Water Structures, Head of Water and Water Structures Eng. Dept., Faculty of Eng., Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. | ||||
| 3Assistant Lecturer, Water and Water Structures Eng. Dept., Faculty of Eng., Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Rehabilitation of old tunnels can be achieved through reduction of seepage forces on them using filters. In this case, the potential head on the outer surface of the tunnel can be reduced to reach zero. Circular tunnel rounded by filter known as (drainage-type tunnel) that permits flow through the filter around the tunnel. The special purpose computer program (Z-soil) is used to study seepage flow around single, double and triple tunnels rehabilitated by filters in homogeneous isotropic and anisotropic soils with different anisotropy ratio. The study includes the effect of the relative groundwater level, relative depth of the impermeable layer, relative depth of the tunnel under ground surface, and soil anisotropy ratio on the average seepage pressure around the tunnels. All the relations are presented in the form of dimensionless curves. The reduction in seepage pressure around single, double and triple tunnels resulting from the existence of filter are obtained. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Seepage forces; Tunnel; Finite element method; Drainage-Type tunnel | ||||
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