RESPONSE OF MAIZE CROP TO IRRIGATION UNDER DIFFERENT RATES AND DOSES OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION IN THE NORTH NILE DELTA REGION | ||||
| Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering | ||||
| Article 6, Volume 5, Issue 1, January 2014, Page 77-92 PDF (504.04 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jssae.2014.48790 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| M. A. Aiad; E. A. Moursi; R. A. El-Dissoky; M. M. Amer | ||||
| Soils, Water and Environment Res. Inst, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Two field trials were carried out at the Experimental Farm, Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate during the two successive summer growing seasons of 2012 and 2013. The research aimed to study the effect of irrigation at different soil moisture depletion (I1: at 45%, I2: at 60% and I3: at 75% depletion of available soil moisture, respectively), nitrogen rates (N1: 60, N2: 90 and N3: 120 kg N fed-1) and doses number of nitrogen application (D1: one dose, D2: two equal doses and D3: three equal doses) on maize yield and its components, nitrogen uptake by plants, N-use efficiency and some water relations. The experimental design was split split plot with three replicates, the main plots were for irrigation treatments, where the sub plots were for N-rates and the sub-sub plots were for doses number of N application. The main results can be summarized as follows: Irrigation at 75 % depletion of available soil moisture (I3) decreased seasonal water applied, water consumptive use and water stored in the effective root zone by 18.08, 16.78, and 17.02%, respectively compared with irrigation at 45% depletion. Also, the highest means of water productivity (WP) and productivity of irrigation water (PIW) were 1.95 and 1.24 kg/m3, respectively with irrigation at 60 % depletion (I2). Irrigation at 60% depletion (I2) recorded the highest mean of water application efficiency (89.60%), whereas the irrigation orders was I2> I3>I1. Irrigation at 45% depletion (I1) recorded the highest mean for grain yield (3.363 ton fed-1), stalks yield (9.313 ton fed-1), weight of 100 grains (43.899g) and ear weight (316.119g). Application of N-rate N3 recorded the highest means of grain yield (3.507 ton fed-1), straw yield (9.56 ton fed-1), weight of 100 grains (43.176g) and ear weight (310.948g), respectively. Application of N-rate at three doses (D3), recorded the highest means of grain yield (3.585 ton fed-1), straw yield (9.216 ton fed-1), weight of 100 grains (43.466g) and ear weight (315.202g). Irrigation at 45% depletion (I1) recorded the highest mean of N-uptake for grains and stalks. Application of nitrogen rates increased N-uptake for maize grains and stalks up to N3. Increased the doses number of N application increased N-uptake for maize grains and stalks up to D3 (three equal doses). The values of NUE increased by 15.65% with splitting N-rate into three doses compared with application at one dose, but decreased with increasing application N-rate and irrigation at 75 % depletion. Most of interactions among irrigation, nitrogen rates and doses number of N application showed significant effect on grain yield and its components and N-uptake in both maize grains and stalks, and positive effect on N-use efficiency | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Irrigation; nitrogen rates and doses number; maize yield; water relations; and nitrogen use efficiency | ||||
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