MAXIMIZATION OF REPEATER SPACING USING MULTI-PUMPING RAMAN AMPLIFIER OF WIDE GAIN | ||||
| Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research | ||||
| Article 5, Volume 16, Issue 2, July 2006, Page 145-156 | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/mjeer.2006.64863 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| El-Sayed A. El-Badawy1; Abd-El-Naser A. Mohammed2; Abd-El-Fattah A. Saad2; Mahmoud M. A. Eid2 | ||||
| 1Elect. Eng. Department, Faculty of Engineering , Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544 , Egypt, Senior Member IEEE, Member of the Optical Society of America (OSA). | ||||
| 2Department of Electronic and Electrical Communication Engineering, Faculty of Electronics Engineering, Menouf, 32951, EGYPT | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| In the present paper, maximization of repeater spacing has been investigated where multi-pumping Raman amplifier has been employed with equal pumping power and equal spacing pumping wavelength. The problem is cast into two coupled first order nonlinear differential equations taking into account both pump-pump interactions and signal-signal interactions along the fiber. These two equations are processed using simple but accurate software based on Runge-Kutta technique of the fourth order. The engagement of Raman amplifier and erbium doped fiber is processed. Wide gain of the amplifier is considered where two sets of a number of Raman pumps NR {5,10} are investigated. Raman pumping wavelength lR is over the range 1.42 £ lR, mm £ 1.52 and the channel wavelength ls is over the range 1.42 £ ls, mm £ 1.72. Two multiplexing techniques are processed in long-haul transmission cables where a number of channels up to 3600 in ultra-wide wavelength division multiplexing (UW-WDM) and a number of links up to 360 are handled in ultra-wide space division multiplexing (UW-SDM). The problem is investigated over wide ranges of affecting sets of parameters. | ||||
| References | ||||
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