Rigorous Analysis for Maximizing of Repeater Spacing using Multi-Pumping Raman Amplifier of Wide Gain
El-Badawy, E., Mohammed, A., Saad, A., Metawe’e, M. (2008). Rigorous Analysis for Maximizing of Repeater Spacing using Multi-Pumping Raman Amplifier of Wide Gain. EKB Journal Management System, 18(2), 145-158. doi: 10.21608/mjeer.2008.65230
El-Sayed El-Badawy; Abd-El-Naser Mohammed; Abd-El-Fattah Saad; Mohamed Metawe’e. "Rigorous Analysis for Maximizing of Repeater Spacing using Multi-Pumping Raman Amplifier of Wide Gain". EKB Journal Management System, 18, 2, 2008, 145-158. doi: 10.21608/mjeer.2008.65230
El-Badawy, E., Mohammed, A., Saad, A., Metawe’e, M. (2008). 'Rigorous Analysis for Maximizing of Repeater Spacing using Multi-Pumping Raman Amplifier of Wide Gain', EKB Journal Management System, 18(2), pp. 145-158. doi: 10.21608/mjeer.2008.65230
El-Badawy, E., Mohammed, A., Saad, A., Metawe’e, M. Rigorous Analysis for Maximizing of Repeater Spacing using Multi-Pumping Raman Amplifier of Wide Gain. EKB Journal Management System, 2008; 18(2): 145-158. doi: 10.21608/mjeer.2008.65230

Rigorous Analysis for Maximizing of Repeater Spacing using Multi-Pumping Raman Amplifier of Wide Gain

Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research
Article 4, Volume 18, Issue 2, December 2008, Page 145-158  XML
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/mjeer.2008.65230
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Authors
El-Sayed El-Badawy1; Abd-El-Naser Mohammed2; Abd-El-Fattah Saad2; Mohamed Metawe’e2
1Elect. Eng. Department, Faculty of Engineering , Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544 , Egypt
2Department of Electronic and Electrical Communication Engineering, Faculty of Electronics Engineering, Menouf, 32951, EGYPT
Abstract
The maximization of repeater spacing has been investigated where multi-pumping Raman amplifier has been employed with equal pumping powers and equal spacing of pumping wavelength. The problem is processed; employing two coupled nonlinear different equations of first order taking into account both pump-pump interactions and signal-signal interactions along the fiber. These two equations are processed rigorously using accurate software based on Runge-Kutta technique of fourth order. Wide gain of the amplifier is considered where two sets of pumps NR {5,10} are investigated. The gain coefficient is cast under polynomial forms. The pumping wavelength lR is over the range 1.40 £ lR, mm £ 1.44 and the channel wavelength ls is over the range 1.45 £ ls, mm £ 1.65. Two multiplexing techniques are processed in long-haul transmission cables where number of channels is up to 10000 in ultra-wide wavelength division multiplexing (UW-WDM) with number of links up to 480. The problem is investigated over wide ranges of affecting sets of parameters. The present investigation has clarified vital causes that affect both Raman gain and the repeater spacing up to 360 km. The investigation of the flatness of the gain constant has indicated that the Raman pumps should be distributed over wide range of pumping wavelength before the starting of the channels wavelength range.
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