COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS FOR SOME FLOWERING AND VEGETATIVE TRAITS OF FIVE MAIZE INBREDS UNDER TWO NITROGEN LEVELS FERTILIZATION | ||||
| Journal of Plant Production | ||||
| Article 10, Volume 4, Issue 3, March 2013, Page 485-495 PDF (1006.28 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jpp.2013.72148 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| M. S. Sultan1; M. A. Abdel-Moneam1; S. M. G. Salama2; A. M. EL. Oraby3 | ||||
| 1Dept. of Agronomy, Fac. Agric. , Mans. Univ. | ||||
| 2Central Lab. for Design and Statistical Analysis Res. ARC Egypt. | ||||
| 3Fine Seeds International Company. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| A half diallel cross among 5 inbred lines of maize was evaluated under two different nitrogen rates for flowering and vegetative characters i.e. anthesis date, silking date, Anthesis-Silking Interval (ASI), plant height, ear height, ear leaf area and stem diameter, to evaluate the role of GCA and SCA of inbred lines in hybrids performance under high and low of nitrogen levels, and to establish the magnitude of heterosis as well as both GCA and SCA effects and their interaction with the nitrogen fertilization rates. Mean squares were significant for all studied traits except, ear leaf area under normal nitrogen level. General and specific combining ability (GCA and SCA) mean squares were significant for all studied traits, except stem diameter under normal nitrogen level at GCA and ear leaf area under normal nitrogen level at GCA and SCA. GCA/SCA ratios revealed that the non-additive gene action for anthesis date, silking date, plant height under normal nitrogen, ASI, ear height, stem diameter under both nitrogen levels and ear leaf area under stress nitrogen level. While, the additive gene action was recorded for anthesis date, silking date and plant height under stress nitrogen level and ear leaf area under normal nitrogen level. The additive gene action was the most expression under normal nitrogen level. The best combiners were P2 (Inb.95) and P4 (Inb.204) inbred lines for most of studied traits under normal and stress nitrogen levels. This result indicated that these inbred lines could be considered as good combiners for improving these traits. The best crosses for anthesis and ASI date was P2 (Inb.95) X P5 (Inb.213), for silking date was P2 (Inb.95) X P3 (Inb.144), for plant height was P3 (Inb.144) X P5 (Inb.213), ear height was P1 (Inb.84) X P4 (Inb.204) and stem diameter was P4 (Inb.204) X P5 (Inb.213) under both nitrogen levels. These crosses could be selected and used in breeding programs for improving these traits. Results showed significant heterosis for all studied traits. The best crosses over both their mid-parents and better-parents for anthesis date and silking date was P2 (Inb.95) X P3 (Inb.144) under both nitrogen levels for ASI date was P2 (Inb.95) X P5 (Inb.213), for ear height was P1 (Inb.84) X P4 (Inb.204), for plant height was P3 (Inb.144) X P5 (Inb.213), for ear leaf area was P1 (Inb.84) X P3 (Inb.144) under stress nitrogen level and for stem diameter were P2 (Inb.95) X P5 (Inb.213), P3 (Inb.144) X P5 (Inb.213) and P4 (Inb.204) X P5 (Inb.213). | ||||
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