Assessment of the Gingival Zenith Positions and Levels of the Maxillary Anterior Teeth among Saudi population: Comparison between males and females
Bamusa, B., Amal, A., Al-Alsheikh, M., Alanood, A., Altasan, Y., Alkhaibari, H., Diab, H. (2018). Assessment of the Gingival Zenith Positions and Levels of the Maxillary Anterior Teeth among Saudi population: Comparison between males and females. EKB Journal Management System, 64(Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)), 2113-2119. doi: 10.21608/edj.2018.76769
Badr Bamusa; Alqarni Amal; Manal Al-Alsheikh; Albalwe Alanood; Yara Altasan; Hind Alkhaibari; Hafez Diab. "Assessment of the Gingival Zenith Positions and Levels of the Maxillary Anterior Teeth among Saudi population: Comparison between males and females". EKB Journal Management System, 64, Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology), 2018, 2113-2119. doi: 10.21608/edj.2018.76769
Bamusa, B., Amal, A., Al-Alsheikh, M., Alanood, A., Altasan, Y., Alkhaibari, H., Diab, H. (2018). 'Assessment of the Gingival Zenith Positions and Levels of the Maxillary Anterior Teeth among Saudi population: Comparison between males and females', EKB Journal Management System, 64(Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)), pp. 2113-2119. doi: 10.21608/edj.2018.76769
Bamusa, B., Amal, A., Al-Alsheikh, M., Alanood, A., Altasan, Y., Alkhaibari, H., Diab, H. Assessment of the Gingival Zenith Positions and Levels of the Maxillary Anterior Teeth among Saudi population: Comparison between males and females. EKB Journal Management System, 2018; 64(Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)): 2113-2119. doi: 10.21608/edj.2018.76769

Assessment of the Gingival Zenith Positions and Levels of the Maxillary Anterior Teeth among Saudi population: Comparison between males and females

Egyptian Dental Journal
Article 2, Volume 64, Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology), July 2018, Page 2113-2119  XML PDF (617.13 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/edj.2018.76769
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Authors
Badr Bamusa1; Alqarni Amal2; Manal Al-Alsheikh3; Albalwe Alanood3; Yara Altasan2; Hind Alkhaibari2; Hafez Diab4
1Lecturer of Periodontology, Riyadh Elm University
2Dental Intern, Riyadh Elm University
3Dental Intern, Riyadh Elm University.
4Professor of periodontology, Riyadh Elm University
Abstract
Introduction: Understanding of the dentogingival interface allows the clinicians to achieve a more satisfactory esthetic outcome during interdisciplinary diagnosis and treatment planning of beautiful smile.
Aim: To evaluate the gingival variations in the maxillary anterior teeth by quantifying the following esthetic parameters; marginal gingival zenith positions (MGZP), gingival zenith level (GZL) and to assess the difference of these parameters among males and females.
Materials & Methods: A total of 20 maxillary casts (10 males and 10 females) were analyzed. Digital caliper and protractor was used to measure; the marginal Gingival Zenith Position (MGZP) from the vertical bisected midline (VBM) of 120 sites in the maxillary anterior teeth, the Gingival Zenith Level (GZL) of 40 sites related to the lateral incisors, the data were analyzed using Mann Whitney u test.
Results: According to the mean, all the maxillary anterior teeth displayed distal (MGZP) from (VBM), with mean average of 1 mm in the central incisors, 0.4 mm in the lateral incisors, and 0.2 mm in the canines among the study samples. Comparisons between males and females presented no statistically significant differences. The Gingival zenith level (GZL) showed statistically significant differences between right and left teeth in males and females and revealed positive values in all 40 sites (100%) when appeared coronal to the gingival aesthetic line. The mean of the males and females (GZL) in mm were 1.05 and 0.95 respectively with no statistically significant differences between both gender.
Conclusions: The marginal gingival zenith position (MGZP) is located distally in all anterior teeth. The gingival zenith line (GZL) was found to be coronal to the gingival aesthetic line in all teeth with significant differences between right and left sides within each group (males, females). In all recorded parameters there were no differences between males and females. These clinical parameters applied to the gingival contours may serve as reference points during esthetic anterior oral rehabilitation.
Keywords
Esthetic; gingival appearance; maxillary anterior dentition
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