Avian Influenza in Live Bird Markets in the Suez Canal region, Egypt
Helal, A., Arafa, A., Abdien, H., Hamed, D., El Dimerdash, M. (2017). Avian Influenza in Live Bird Markets in the Suez Canal region, Egypt. EKB Journal Management System, 45(4), 340-348. doi: 10.21608/zvjz.2017.7864
Amira M. Helal; Abdel Satar Arafa; Hanan F. Abdien; Dalia M. Hamed; Mohsen Z. El Dimerdash. "Avian Influenza in Live Bird Markets in the Suez Canal region, Egypt". EKB Journal Management System, 45, 4, 2017, 340-348. doi: 10.21608/zvjz.2017.7864
Helal, A., Arafa, A., Abdien, H., Hamed, D., El Dimerdash, M. (2017). 'Avian Influenza in Live Bird Markets in the Suez Canal region, Egypt', EKB Journal Management System, 45(4), pp. 340-348. doi: 10.21608/zvjz.2017.7864
Helal, A., Arafa, A., Abdien, H., Hamed, D., El Dimerdash, M. Avian Influenza in Live Bird Markets in the Suez Canal region, Egypt. EKB Journal Management System, 2017; 45(4): 340-348. doi: 10.21608/zvjz.2017.7864

Avian Influenza in Live Bird Markets in the Suez Canal region, Egypt

Zagazig Veterinary Journal
Article 4, Volume 45, Issue 4, December 2017, Page 340-348  XML PDF (153.02 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/zvjz.2017.7864
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Authors
Amira M. Helal email 1; Abdel Satar Arafa2; Hanan F. Abdien3; Dalia M. Hamed3; Mohsen Z. El Dimerdash3
1National laboratory for veterinary quality control on poultry production, Animal Health Research Institute, Ismailia, Egypt
2National laboratory for veterinary quality control on poultry production, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
3Avian and Rabbit Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Abstract
Avian influenza causes severe economic losses in poultry industry and endangers human life. This study aimed to detect avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in live bird markets (LBMs) in the Suez Canal region. Tracheal and cloacal swabs were collected from apparently healthy birds (152 chickens, 119 ducks, 44 geese and 60 turkeys) from live bird markets in Ismailia, Portsaid and Suez Governorates during the period from January to December 2014. Our results revealed that AIVs prevalence was 4.3% in the surveyed markets. The H9 low pathogenic (LPAI) positive birds (56.3%) were higher than H5 highly pathogenic (HPAI) infected cases (43.8%), while no H7 positive cases were detected. The positive cases in turkeys, chickens, geese, and ducks were 6.7%, 5.3%, 4.6%, and 1.7% respectively. Additionally, the highest frequencies were recorded in cold weather during the winter season 2.4%. Our investigation verified that live bird markets in the Suez Canal region continue to be high risk locations for AIVs due to the existence of various AIV subtypes (H5 and H9) in poultry species from different breeding sectors in Egypt. This mixing permits transmission of the disease from infected areas to non-infected ones. In addition, the coexistence of both H5 and H9 subtypes in the same poultry population may provide an opportunity for genetic reassortment and emergence of novel viruses. Consequently, birds in LBMs are incriminated in the continuous circulation of AIVs, therefore representing a main source of AI infection to commercial poultry and householders. Thus, control actions towards AIVs should include live bird markets as a critical threat source of the disease transmission.
 
Keywords
Avian influenza; Live Bird Markets; Suez Canal
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