Effect of different ligation methods of orthodontic brackets on frictional resistance during sliding mechanics: in vitro study
El-Kadi, A., Khedre, A., Abou Shamaa, N., Zahra, S. (2009). Effect of different ligation methods of orthodontic brackets on frictional resistance during sliding mechanics: in vitro study. EKB Journal Management System, 36(December 2009), 51-62. doi: 10.21608/eos.2009.78859
Abbadi El-Kadi; Aliaa Khedre; Nabeel Abou Shamaa; Sherif Zahra. "Effect of different ligation methods of orthodontic brackets on frictional resistance during sliding mechanics: in vitro study". EKB Journal Management System, 36, December 2009, 2009, 51-62. doi: 10.21608/eos.2009.78859
El-Kadi, A., Khedre, A., Abou Shamaa, N., Zahra, S. (2009). 'Effect of different ligation methods of orthodontic brackets on frictional resistance during sliding mechanics: in vitro study', EKB Journal Management System, 36(December 2009), pp. 51-62. doi: 10.21608/eos.2009.78859
El-Kadi, A., Khedre, A., Abou Shamaa, N., Zahra, S. Effect of different ligation methods of orthodontic brackets on frictional resistance during sliding mechanics: in vitro study. EKB Journal Management System, 2009; 36(December 2009): 51-62. doi: 10.21608/eos.2009.78859

Effect of different ligation methods of orthodontic brackets on frictional resistance during sliding mechanics: in vitro study

Egyptian Orthodontic Journal
Article 4, Volume 36, December 2009, December 2009, Page 51-62  XML
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/eos.2009.78859
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Authors
Abbadi El-Kadi1; Aliaa Khedre* 2; Nabeel Abou Shamaa3; Sherif Zahra3
1Orthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University.
2Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University.
3Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University.
Abstract
Many factors can contribute to the frictional resistance of edgewise appliances including brackets, wire materials , cross-section and surface conditions of the archwires, torque at the wire-bracket interface, inter bracket distance, functions of the oral environment , type and force of ligation. The aim was to evaluate and compare the frictional resistance (static and dynamic) of different ligation methods during sliding mechanics. Methods: Fifty canine brackets of three types; conventional (4 wings), Synergy (6 wings) and passive self ligating brackets system [SLBs]. Different ligation techniques (conventional elastomeric [CEL], unconventional elastomeric ligatures [UEL] and stainless steel ligatures [SS]) were used in a simulation for canine retraction in a curved path using 0.017X0.025" NiTi wire. Frictional resistance of the bracket/wire/ligation combinations was measured using experimental model mounted on a universal testing machine with 5KN load cell. Each sample was tested 10 consecutive times in dry state. Results: Large frictional forces were found for wires secured with SS ligatures and CEL in standard (4 wings) brackets. Conventional elastomeric ligatures tied on the  middle wings only of the Synergy (6 wings) brackets or the use of SLBs produced the lowest frictional forces. Unconventional elastomeric ligatures as well reduced frictional forces to a significant level in comparison with conventional brackets with SS or CEL. Conclusion: large variations in frictional forces were noticed when archwires were ligated in different bracket designs as well as when similar brackets and different ligation techniques were used. Unconventional elastomeric ligatures can be considered a valid alternative for low friction biomechanics.
Keywords
Self ligating brackets; elastomeric ligatures; static and dynamic frictional resistance; canine retraction; Unconventional elastomeric ligature
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