HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY IN GRAIN SORGHUM UNDER SALINE CONDITION | ||||
| Journal of Plant Production | ||||
| Article 4, Volume 1, Issue 1, January 2010, Page 39-54 PDF (543.49 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jpp.2010.86064 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| A. I. A. Hassan; E. S. A. Mostafa | ||||
| Plant Breeding Unit, Plant Genetic Resources Dept., Desert Research Center El- Matariya , Cairo | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| These exotic genotypes, (ICBA- 1,2,3,4 and 5) as well as Dorado as a local genotype of grain sorghum were crossed in a complete diallel cross system to produce F1 's. Parents and hybrids were evaluated in field traits in 2004 at Ras Sudr, South Sinai , Egypt under two irrigation water salinity levels i.e. 4000 and 7000 ppm. Mean squares due to parents were significant for all studied traits characters under both salinity levels. Data indicated that heterosis related to the better parents was manifested for all studied traits. The highest positive and significant heterosis for grain yield was 10.40% (ICBA-4 × ICBA-3) under 4000 ppm. However, -3,28 % (Dorado × ICBA-4) was the highest negative heterosis under 7000 ppm. ICBA-2 and ICBA-3 as well as the local variety Dorado had the highest positive and significant GCA effects for all the studied characters under low and high salinity levels. ICBA-1 × ICBA-2 was earliest for 50% heading under low salinity level. While, ICBA-5 × ICBA-4 was the best SCA effects under high salinity levels. ICBA-3 × ICBA-1 had the shortest plant SCA effects under low salinity 4000 ppm. However, ICBA-2 × ICBA-4 was preferred plant height SCA effects under high level 7000 ppm. Dorado × ICBA-5 had the tallest panicle length SCA effect under both salinity levels. Dorado × ICBA-3 was largest panicle width SCA effect under 4000 ppm. While, ICBA-5 × ICBA-4 was the best panicle width under 7000 ppm . Dorado × ICBA-4 and ICBA-3 were the heaviest grain weight for SCA effects under both salinity levels. However, ICBA-5 × ICBA-4 and Dorado × ICBA-4 were best crosses for grain yield/ plant SCA effects under 4000 and 7000 ppm respectively. SCA variance was more important than that of GCA for grain yield and its components. The hybrids (ICBA-5 × ICBA-4) and the reciprocal ( Dorado × ICBA-4 ) out yielded other tested hybrids under different environments and thus we recommend further testing of this hybrids in the evaluation traits in order to release. It was improved the commercial sorghum hybrids under saline condition and it use sorghum genotypes ICBA-3, 4 and ICBA-5 with the local variety i.e. Dorado. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Sorghum; Grain; Heterosis; Hybrid; Crosses; Combining ability; Reciprocals | ||||
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