التکافؤ الوظيفي بين المؤشرات النباتيَّة الطيفيَّة عند تقدير التغطية النباتية من بيانات الأقمار الصناعية في منطقتي الهَدَا والشَّفَا شمال جبال السَّرَوَات | ||||
المجلة المصرية للتغير البيئي | ||||
Article 4, Volume 5, Issue 1 - Serial Number 5, 2013, Page 79-102 PDF (5.21 MB) | ||||
Document Type: المقالة الأصلية | ||||
DOI: 10.21608/egjec.2013.94994 | ||||
View on SCiNiTO | ||||
Abstract | ||||
أدى اختلاف کفاءة المؤشرات النباتية الطيفية في تقدير التغطية النباتية, إلى تطوير العديد من المؤشرات النباتية بهدف الوصول إلى مؤشرات نباتية قادرة على استکشاف الخلايا النباتية, والفصل بين التربة والنبات بفاعلية کبيرة. لذلک قامت الدراسة بالتعرف على التکافؤ الوظيفي لنحو 22 مؤشر نباتي طيفي, عند تقدير التغطية النباتية في منطقتي الهَدَا والشَّفَا شمال جبال السَّرَوَات. وذلک من خلال معرفة علاقة المؤشرات النباتيَّة بعضها ببعض, وعلاقتها بنطاق الأشعة تحت الحمراء القريبة NIR, وتحديد المدى الديناميکي لکل مؤشر نباتي. وقد اعتمد البحث لتحقيق ذلک على بيانات القمر الصناعي SPOT-5, وخضعت البيانات للمعالجة في برامج ERDAS IMAGINE9.1, Idrisi Taiga16.0, ArcGIS9.2, باستخدام وظائف Regress, Spatial modeler, Operator, Classification, Overlay, Spatial analyst. وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى أن مؤشري MGNDVI, MNDVI يمثلان أقل المؤشرات النباتيَّة ارتباطاً بجميع المؤشرات النباتيَّة. وأن هنالک علاقة ارتباط قوية بين مؤشراتGEMI, DVI, TSAVI2, AVI, PVI2, GNDVI, TSAVI1, EVI2 ونطاق NIR في الفترة الجافة, ومؤشرات DVI, GEMI, AVI, PVI2 ونطاق NIR في الفترة الرطبة. کما تبين اختلاف المدى الدينامکي لجميع المؤشرات النباتيَّة, إذ لم يتفق مدى مؤشرين نباتيين حتى في الفترة الزمانية نفسها. وقد اتضح أن لمؤشراتTSAVI2, NRVI, NDVI, GESAVI, GNDVI, TSAVI1, OSAVI حساسية مرتفعة للنبات. کما تبين انخفاض حساسية مؤشرات DVI, PVI2, WDVI, EVI2, PVI1 للنباتات في الفترتين الجافة والرطبة. وقد أظهر المتوسط الحسابي لمؤشرات TNDVI, IPVI, GEMI, MGNDVI, MNDVI أن منطقة الدراسة کثيفة النباتات. کما صنف المتوسط الحسابي لمؤشرات OSAVI, PVI2, SAVI, DVI, MSAVI2, MSAVI1, EVI2, WDVI, PVI1 في الفترة الجافة, ولمؤشرات TSAVI1, GESAVI, EVI2, WDVI, PVI1 في الفترة الرطبة منطقة الدراسة بأنها فقيرة نباتياً. وأوصت الدراسة في نهايتها بضرورة أخذ أکثر من مؤشر نباتي طيفي عند استخدام المؤشرات النباتيَّة في تقدير أي خاصية من خصائص الغطاء النباتي. | ||||
Keywords | ||||
الاستشعار عن بعد؛ المؤشرات النباتية الطيفية؛ التکافؤ الوظيفي؛ التغطية النباتيَّة؛ بيانات القمر الصناعي SPOT-5; منطقتي الهدا والسقا; جبال السروات; السعودية | ||||
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