Association Between the ACE (I/D) Gene Polymorphism and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in Egyptian HCV Patients
Elabd, N., Montaser, B., khader, H., Gohar, S., Makboul, K., Elhamoly, M. (2020). Association Between the ACE (I/D) Gene Polymorphism and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in Egyptian HCV Patients. EKB Journal Management System, 4(3), 159-167. doi: 10.21608/jcbr.2020.29926.1037
Naglaa Said Elabd; Belal Montaser; Heba khader; Suzy Gohar; Khalid Makboul; Moamena Elhamoly. "Association Between the ACE (I/D) Gene Polymorphism and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in Egyptian HCV Patients". EKB Journal Management System, 4, 3, 2020, 159-167. doi: 10.21608/jcbr.2020.29926.1037
Elabd, N., Montaser, B., khader, H., Gohar, S., Makboul, K., Elhamoly, M. (2020). 'Association Between the ACE (I/D) Gene Polymorphism and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in Egyptian HCV Patients', EKB Journal Management System, 4(3), pp. 159-167. doi: 10.21608/jcbr.2020.29926.1037
Elabd, N., Montaser, B., khader, H., Gohar, S., Makboul, K., Elhamoly, M. Association Between the ACE (I/D) Gene Polymorphism and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in Egyptian HCV Patients. EKB Journal Management System, 2020; 4(3): 159-167. doi: 10.21608/jcbr.2020.29926.1037

Association Between the ACE (I/D) Gene Polymorphism and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in Egyptian HCV Patients

Egyptian Journal of Cancer and Biomedical Research
Article 2, Volume 4, Issue 3, December 2020, Page 159-167  XML PDF (1.41 MB)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/jcbr.2020.29926.1037
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Authors
Naglaa Said Elabd email orcid 1; Belal Montaser2; Heba khader3; Suzy Gohar4; Khalid Makboul5; Moamena Elhamoly6
1Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University
2Clinical pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt
3Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt
4Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia university, Egypt
5Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
6Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most fatal malignancies worldwide and is related to many risk factors. Chronic HCV is associated with a 20–30-fold increased risk for HCC. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is overexpressed in many cancers and plays a major role in angiogenesis and carcinogenesis. Aim: We aimed to elucidate the effect of the ACE I/D gene polymorphism in patients with HCV-related liver cirrhosis and HCC, and its relationship to clinical parameters. Patients and Methods: The study included 180 participants, cirrhotic (n=60), HCC (n=60) and control healthy subjects (n=60). Liver and renal function tests, alpha-fetoprotein, HCV antibodies and triphasic CT were assessed. ACE Gene polymorphism was assessed by Nested PCR. Results: We observed higher frequencies of DD (36.7%) and DI (51.7%) genotypes, along with the D allele (62.5%), in HCC patients compared to those of cirrhotic cases (10%, 40% and 30%, respectively) and control subjects (6.7%, 38.3%, and 25.8%, respectively). DD and DI genotypes increased the risk and predicted the occurrence of HCC by OR 25.932 and OR 6.354, respectively. The D allele conveys significant risk for HCC compared to control and cirrhotic groups with OR 4.785 and OR 3.889, respectively. Both DD genotype and D allele are significantly correlated with larger tumor size and metastasis. Conclusion: The ACE I/D polymorphism (DD genotype and D allele) is significantly associated with HCC risk in HCV patients and is correlated with increased tumor growth and advanced stage.
Keywords
HCV; Hepatocellular carcinoma; HCC; ACE I/D; polymorphism; Nested PCR
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