PERFORMANCE OF A SMALL DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM POWERED BY SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC FOR CORN PRODUCTION | ||||
| Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering | ||||
| Article 11, Volume 33, Issue 4, October 2016, Page 1369-1386 PDF (876.16 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/mjae.2016.97607 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Author | ||||
| A. M. Okasha | ||||
| Asst. Prof. Agric. Eng. Dept., Faculty of Agric, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Application of solar energy with modern irrigation systems is essential to irrigate soil for agricultural crops production. A field experiment was conducted in research farm, faculty of agriculture, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt during summer season 2014/2015 to study the performance of solar photovoltaic with submersible pump and different lateral drip lines, on corn (Zea mays L.) yield and irrigation water use efficiency under clayey soil. The treatments were three drip lateral lines(T-tape, Eva-Flow and Flag dripper) and three low pressure levels (1, 1.5 and 2m) with direct operation of solar photovoltaic without battery storage and under direct insolation. The parameters were output power, photovoltaic efficiency, pump discharge , total dynamic head , hydraulic power, subsystem efficiency flow rate-pressure, coefficients of manufacturer's variation, emission uniformity, Christiansen uniformity coefficient , distribution uniformity, corn yield and irrigation water use efficiency. The important results indicated that: Generally, output power increased by increasing of solar radiation intensity but photovoltaic efficiency as general trend was decreased. The optimum values were 2.22m, 18.35W and 51ℓ/min for total dynamic head, hydraulic power and discharge, respectively. The highest value of emitter flow rate was 6.44 l/h which achieved at operating pressure head of 2m, pump discharge of 41ℓ/min, hydraulic power of 17.71W and output power from module of 62W for T-tape. The maximum value of subsystem efficiency was 61.38% at total dynamic head of 1.04m and maximum of pump discharge was 82 ℓ/min. The minimum value of flow rate variation was 12.54% at 1m operating pressure head and Eva-Flow drip line system The highest value of DU was 94.53% that obtained at Eva-Flow drip system and 1m operating pressure head. The greatest values of corn yield and IWUE were 0.833kg/m2 and 1.71kg/m3, respectively, by application of Eva-Flow system at 1m operating pressure head. | ||||
| References | ||||
|
Abdolzadeh, M. and M. Ameri, (2009). Improving the effectiveness of a photovoltaic water pumping system by spraying water over the front of photovoltaic cells. Renewable Energy, 34(1), 91-9.
Allen, R. G.; L. S. Pereira; D. Raes and M. Smith (1998). Crop evapotranspiration-Guidelines for computing crop water requirements-FAO Irrigation and drainage paper 56. FAO, Rome, 300(9), D05109.
ASAE. (2001). Test procedure for determining the uniformity of water distribution of center pivot and lateral move irrigation machines equipped with spray or sprinkler nozzles. ANSI/ASAE Standard S436.1, American Society of Agricultural Engineers, St. Joseph, MI.
Bralts, V. F.; I. P. Wu and M. Giltin (1982). Emitter plugging and drip irrigation lateral line hydraulics. Transactions of the ASAE, 25(5), 1274-1281
Burt, C.; A. Clemmens; T. Strelkoff; K. Solomon; R. Bliesner; L. Hardy; T. Howell and D. Eisenhauer (1997). Irrigation Performance Measures: Efficiency and Uniformity. J. Irrig. Drain Eng., 123 :( 6) 423-442.
Egyptian-German Private Sector Development Programme, Prospects of the Renewable Energy Sector in Egypt (2010). Focus on Photovoltaics and Wind Energy. Cairo, Egypt.
Foster, R., & Cota, A. (2014). Solar water pumping advances and comparative economics. Energy Procedia, 57, 1431-1436.
Imara, Z. M. and M. A. Eltawil (2006). Performance of small scale SPV-Powered-drip irrigation system for remote regions. The 14th Annual conference of the MSAE on "Modern Direction in Agricultural Engineering" Organized with Agric. Eng. Dept., Faculty of Agric. Ain Shams Univ., Egypt, November. 22nd, Misr J. Ag. Eng. 23(4): 1133-1154.
Irmak, S.; L. Odhiambo; W. Kranz and D. Eisenhauer (2011). Irrigation efficiency and uniformity, and crop water use efficiency. University of Nebraska, Lincoln.
James, L. G. (1988). Principles of farm irrigation systems design. John Wiley and Sons Limited. Page, 277.
Karimi, M. and A. Gomrokchi (2011). Yield and water use efficiency of corn planted in one or two rows and applying furrow or drip tape irrigation systems in Ghazvin Province, Iran. Irrigation and Drainage, 60(1), 35-41.
Keller J. and D. Karmeli (1974). Trickle irrigation design parameters. Transaction of the ASAE, 17(4): 674-684.
Lauer, J. (2002). Methods for calculating corn yield. Available online: http://corn. agronomy. wisc. edu/AA/pdfs A, 33.
Mandal, R., and Naskar, R. (2012). A Study of Solar Photovoltaic Application in Irrigation System and Its Performance Analysis in Laboratory Scale.International Journal of Advanced Alternative Energy, Environment and Ecology, 1(1), pp-1.14.
Meah, K.; S. Ula, and S. Barrett (2008). Solar photovoltaic water pumping—opportunities and challenges. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,12(4), 1162-1175.
Pande, P. C.; A. K. Singh; S. Ansari; S. K. Vyas and B. K. Dave (2003). Design development and testing of a solar PV pump based drip system for orchards. Renewable Energy, 28(3), 385-396.
Parida, B.; S. Iniyan and R. Goic (2011). A review of solar photovoltaic technologies. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 15(3), 1625-1636.
Pitts, D. J. (1997). Evaluation of micro irrigation systems. South West Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida.
Reca, J.; C. Torrente; R. López-Luque and J. Martínez (2016). Feasibility analysis of a standalone direct pumping photovoltaic system for irrigation in Mediterranean greenhouses. Renewable Energy, 85, 1143-1154.
Williamson, E. (2006). Solar power water pump studies for small-scale irrigation (Doctoral dissertation, McGill University).
Wu I-P and Gitlin HM (1973). Hydraulics and uniformity for drip irrigation. J Irrig Drain Eng ASCE 99: 157-168.
Yazar, A.; T. A. Howell; D. A. Dusek and K. S. Copeland (1999). Evaluation of crop water stress index for LEPA irrigated corn. Irrigation Science, 18(4), 171-180. | ||||
|
Statistics Article View: 214 PDF Download: 278 |
||||
