المطابقة بين الطبري والأشعري في مسائل الاعتقاد "عرض وتحليل" The Concordance between al-Tabari and al-Ash'ari in Creedal Issues: "An Overview and Analysis" | ||||
| الدراية | ||||
| Volume 24, Issue 26, January 2025, Page 467-552 PDF (2.11 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: المقالة الأصلية | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/drya.2025.411690 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Author | ||||
عبدالله محمود سرور على 
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| قسم العقيدة والفلسفة، كلية أصول الدين والدعوة، جامعة الأزهر المنصورة، مصر | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| يتحدث البحث عن المطابقة والتوافق العقدي بين الإمام الطبري، والإمام الأشعري ليتبين أن المذهب الأشعري ليس مذهبا وليدا منذ عصر واجتهاد الأشعري، وإنما قال بآرائه غيره من العلماء ممن سبقه وعاصره كالطبري، والماتريدي وغيرهما. وتبين اتفاق الإمامين الطبري، والأشعري في أصول الاعتقاد التي تنبني عليها كثير من المسائل العقدية الأخرى، كاتفاقهم في قضية حدوث العالم، بل وطريقة الاستدلال على حدوثه بتقسيمه إلى جواهر وأعراض حادثة، بل وصل التطابق والاتفاق إلى استخدام نفس الألفاظ تقريبا. وهذه القضية "حدوث العالم" من الأصول العقدية التي انبى عليها كثير من القضايا العقدية والكلامية منها مسألة استحالة قيام الحوادث بذاته تعالى، وإبطال حوادث لا أول لها، ومن ثم الاتفاق بين كل منهما في التعامل مع الصفات الخبرية، وكذا صفات الأفعال حيث قال كل منهما بامتناع قيام الحوادث بذاته تعالى، ونفي التشبيه والتجسيم عنه سبحانه. فاتفق كل منهما كما هو واضح في البحث في التعامل مع صفات الأفعال والصفات الخبرية كاليد، والوجه، والعين، والاستواء ونحو هذا. فالملاحظ أن اجتهاد الإمام الطبري، وكذا الأشعري كان بأدوات جديدة تناسب العصر الذي برز فيه كل منهما، فكانت صياغة العقائد والاستدلال عليها بما يناسب هذا العصر حيث دعت الضرورة لهذا. Abstract: This research discusses the doctrinal concordance and alignment between Imam al-Tabari and Imam al-Ash'ari, aiming to demonstrate that the Ash'ari school of thought is not a product of Ash'ari's era and ijtihad alone, but was also shared by other scholars who preceded or coexisted with him, such as al-Tabari, al-Maturidi, and others. The study highlights the concordance between the two Imams, al-Tabari and al-Ash’ari, in the foundational principles of belief, upon which many other theological issues are built, such as their shared stance on the issue of the creation of the world. They both employed the same reasoning and division into substances and accidents, even using nearly identical terminology in their arguments. This issue of the creation of the world is a foundational doctrinal matter that leads to many other theological discussions, such as the impossibility of accidents subsisting by themselves, and the rejection of accidents without a beginning. Thus, both agreed on the handling of the divine attributes, particularly the attributes of actions, and affirmed the impossibility of accidents subsisting in the essence of the Divine. Both also rejected any form of anthropomorphism or corporatization in relation to the Divine. As this study shows, both Imam al-Tabari and Imam al-Ash'ari employed new intellectual tools appropriate to their respective times, shaping their theological formulations and arguments in ways that responded to the demands and challenges of their eras. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| التطابق، الطبري، الأشعري، حدوث العالم، الصفات الخبرية. Concordance; Al-Tabari; Al-Ash'ari; Creation of the World; Declarative Attributes | ||||
| References | ||||
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فهرس المصادر والمراجع
أولاً: القرآن الكريم.
ثانياً: الكتب والمراجع:
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