Influence of CO2 laser irradiation strategy on titanium surface modification and bacterial biofilm contamination: An in vitro study
Sherif, M., Shalaby, Y., AboElhassan, R., Mostafa, D. (2025). Influence of CO2 laser irradiation strategy on titanium surface modification and bacterial biofilm contamination: An in vitro study. EKB Journal Management System, (), -. doi: 10.21608/adjalexu.2025.361248.1597
Mohamed Sherif; Yousria Attia Shalaby; Rewaa G. AboElhassan; Dawlat Mostafa. "Influence of CO2 laser irradiation strategy on titanium surface modification and bacterial biofilm contamination: An in vitro study". EKB Journal Management System, , , 2025, -. doi: 10.21608/adjalexu.2025.361248.1597
Sherif, M., Shalaby, Y., AboElhassan, R., Mostafa, D. (2025). 'Influence of CO2 laser irradiation strategy on titanium surface modification and bacterial biofilm contamination: An in vitro study', EKB Journal Management System, (), pp. -. doi: 10.21608/adjalexu.2025.361248.1597
Sherif, M., Shalaby, Y., AboElhassan, R., Mostafa, D. Influence of CO2 laser irradiation strategy on titanium surface modification and bacterial biofilm contamination: An in vitro study. EKB Journal Management System, 2025; (): -. doi: 10.21608/adjalexu.2025.361248.1597

Influence of CO2 laser irradiation strategy on titanium surface modification and bacterial biofilm contamination: An in vitro study

Alexandria Dental Journal
Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 17 June 2025  XML PDF (498.45 K)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.21608/adjalexu.2025.361248.1597
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Authors
Mohamed Sherif email orcid 1; Yousria Attia Shalaby2; Rewaa G. AboElhassanorcid 3; Dawlat Mostafa4
1Conservative Dentistry Department, faculty of dentistry, alexandria university, alexandria , egypt
2Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University
3Conservative department faculty of dentistry Alexandria University
4Vice dean of educational affairs, College of Dentistry, The Arab Academy for Science and Technology and Maritime Transport (AASTMT), El-Alamein 51718, Egypt.
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background: This study investigates the effects of CO₂ laser surface treatment on grade V commercially pure titanium (CP Ti) to improve its antibacterial properties. It evaluates the impact of this process on the implant’s surface characteristics, including topography, and hydrophilicity.
Methods: A total of 22 Grade V CP Ti discs were CNC-machined into 8mm × 3mm, polished, and divided into two groups: Ti/control and Ti/laser (n=11 per group). The Ti/laser samples were subjected to CO₂ laser treatment at a 1064 nm wavelength with a power of 6 watts. Surface properties were examined using a wettability test and atomic force microscopy (AFM). To assess bacterial adhesion, biofilms of S. epidermidis, S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa were grown on the titanium surfaces of both groups. Dead bacteria were stained with Propidium Iodide (PI) fluorescent dye, visualized under a fluorescent scanning microscope, and quantified using ImageJ software. The obtained data were analyzed statistically.
Results: The mean surface roughness (Ra) of the laser-treated samples was measured at 229.97 nm, which was significantly greater than the 72.09 nm observed in the control group. Contact angle measurements indicated values of 83.19° for Ti/control and 41.39° for Ti/laser, demonstrating a substantial increase in hydrophilicity for the laser-treated surfaces. Fluorescent imaging of dead bacteria revealed a significantly higher count on Ti/laser surfaces (338.18) compared to the control group (6.92) (P < 0.0001*).
Conclusion: The CO₂ laser effectively modified CP Ti surfaces, producing nano-textured, hydrophilic surfaces with antibacterial properties. This enhancement reduced biofilm formation.
 
Keywords
Keywords: CO2 laser; Titanium implants; Bacterial biofilm
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