An Overview of Retrofitting Strategies for Seismically Deficient Reinforced Concrete Beam–Column Joints | ||||
| Horus University Journal of Engineering | ||||
| Volume 1, Issue 2, August 2025, Page 42-52 PDF (1.32 MB) | ||||
| Document Type: Scientific research | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/huje.2025.408460.1008 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Author | ||||
Mohamed Maher Mohamed Sayed Ahmed  
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| Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34517, Egypt | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Reinforced concrete (RC) beam–column joints constructed before the adoption of modern seismic codes often exhibit inadequate detailing, making them highly susceptible to brittle failures during earthquakes. Common deficiencies include a lack of transverse reinforcement, poor anchorage of longitudinal bars, and insufficient confinement within the joint core. This article provides an in-depth overview of current retrofitting approaches developed to enhance the seismic resilience of such vulnerable joints. The methods reviewed include: (1) fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) applications; (2) steel-based interventions like angle jacketing, prestressed bars, and haunch systems; and (3) embedded bar systems, including straight and U-shaped configurations bonded within the joint core using epoxy. Each approach is assessed based on its effectiveness, feasibility, labor demands, and typical constraints. Key performance factors, such as detailing quality, anchorage strategies, and load path considerations, are examined. While each method offers specific benefits, such as improved ductility or ease of installation, they also present certain drawbacks, including potential for debonding, corrosion, or spatial limitations. The review concludes by highlighting the importance of further studies involving realistic, multi-directional loading scenarios to refine these retrofitting strategies for broader implementation. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Beam-Column Joint; Retrofitting; CFRP; Steel components; Embedded Bars | ||||
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