BREATH-BASED, NON-INVASIVE DETECTION OF DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS IN ADOLESCENTS USING THE MQ135 SENSOR: A LOW-COST ALTERNATIVE TO BLOOD KETONE TESTING | ||
| Sphinx Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Sciences | ||
| Volume 10, Issue 1, October 2025, Pages 1-18 PDF (1.18 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original research articles | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/sjpms.2025.388991.1044 | ||
| Author | ||
| Marah AlAdwan* | ||
| King Hussein Foundation, Jubilee Institute, Jordan | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) remains one of the most serious complications of Type 1 Diabetes, particularly among adolescents who may struggle with consistent blood ketone monitoring due to the invasive nature of current methods. This project presents a non-invasive, breath-based DKA detection system utilizing the MQ135 gas sensor to identify acetone—a key biomarker of ketosis—in exhaled air. Designed with teenagers in mind, the system combines affordability, real-time analysis, and ease of use by integrating a sensor module with an Arduino microcontroller, LCD display, and visual LED indicators. Testing was conducted on 91 participants aged 10–18 years, comparing breath-based classifications with blood β-hydroxybutyrate measurements. The device achieved a 96% accuracy rate, demonstrating a strong correlation between breath acetone and blood ketone levels. While minor mismatches occurred near the DKA threshold, the results support the feasibility of using breath acetone as a reliable indicator for early DKA detection. This study highlights the potential of breath analysis technology to transform diabetes management, offering a painless, accessible, and user-friendly alternative for young individuals at risk of DKA. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| DKA; Acetone; Breath biomarkers; User-friendly technology | ||
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