The evolution of art from the Renaissance to the Surrealist school between religious symbolism and expressionism | ||
| Art and Design Academic Journal | ||
| Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 08 November 2025 PDF (1.05 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/adaj.2025.423484.1006 | ||
| Author | ||
| mariam amr Elgendy* | ||
| egyptian chinese universty | ||
| Abstract | ||
| This research explores the development of art from the European Renaissance to the Surrealist movement, with a focus on the fundamental shift in the use of symbols and artistic meanings between the two periods. The Renaissance (14th to 17th centuries) represented a pivotal stage in the history of art, marked by a tremendous revival in thought, philosophy, science, and the arts. This era was characterized by a renewed focus on the human being as an individual and on nature, influenced by classical principles revived from Greek and Roman civilizations. At the heart of this transformation, artists emerged as influential figures, and their works became rich with religious symbolism—symbols that reflected the dominant Christian doctrine at the time but were expressed through a new humanistic spirit that emphasized physical perfection, order, beauty, and reason. Art during the Renaissance was not merely a reflection of reality, but a means of understanding and reshaping it from both a religious and humanistic perspective. We see this in paintings such as The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci and The Creation of Adam by Michelangelo, which combined precise theological symbolism with a new aesthetic vision that glorified humanity and placed it at the center of the universe. At that time, symbols served religious and educational purposes and conveyed universal spiritual truths, while art remained closely tied to church or aristocratic patronage, which gave these symbols a clear and authoritative meaning. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Art history; Cultural transformation; Visual analysis; Modern movements | ||
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