Numerical Simulation Study on the Impact of Hydrogen Injection Quantities on Engine Performance and Emission Characteristics at Variable Speeds | ||
| SVU-International Journal of Engineering Sciences and Applications | ||
| Volume 6, Issue 2, December 2025, Pages 160-173 PDF (3.04 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original research articles | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/svusrc.2025.381066.1284 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Mahmoud Ahmed Awaga* 1; Nouby Ghazaly1; Ahmad Omar Moaaz2; Gomaa A.A1 | ||
| 1Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt. | ||
| 2Faculty of Engineering, Beni-Suef University, Egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Hydrogen is a promising clean fuel for dual-fuel diesel engines, aiming to enhance efficiency and reduce emissions. This study employs ANSYS Forte simulations to investigate hydrogen injection ratios (15–70%) at engine speeds between 1400 and 2500 RPM. At moderate enrichment levels (around 25%), brake thermal efficiency (BTE) improves significantly, reaching ~45%, which represents a ~6% increase compared with conventional diesel baseline operation. Carbon-based emissions also decline sharply: CO and CO₂ are reduced by more than 40% relative to diesel-only cases, with CO₂ dropping to ~1.02E-04 g. Hydrogen further eliminates soot formation, addressing one of the major drawbacks of diesel combustion. However, these advantages are counterbalanced by notable drawbacks: NOx emissions rise steeply at higher hydrogen shares, nearly doubling compared with the diesel baseline, and thermal efficiency decreases beyond 50% hydrogen due to excessive heat transfer losses and combustion instabilities. These trade-offs highlight that while hydrogen enrichment enhances diesel engine sustainability, careful optimization of the hydrogen ratio and injection strategy is required to maximize efficiency and minimize NOx penalties. Further experimental validation is recommended to support the numerical findings and guide practical applications in clean transportation technologies. The study concludes that hydrogen can improve diesel engine sustainability, especially under strict emission standards. Balancing hydrogen ratios and injection timing is essential to maximize benefits while controlling NOx. Further experimental research is recommended to optimize system parameters and support clean transportation technologies. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Alternative fuels; Dual-fuel diesel engine; (NOx) emissions; Brake thermal efficiency; Hydrogen enrichment | ||
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