الأبعاد التربوية في سورة قريش وتطبيقاتها في الواقع المعاصر. | ||||
| التربية (الأزهر): مجلة علمية محکمة للبحوث التربوية والنفسية والاجتماعية) | ||||
| Article 19, Volume 39, 186ج3, April 2020, Page 721-785 PDF (778.17 K) | ||||
| Document Type: بحوث فی مجال أصول التربیة والتربیة الإسلامیة | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jsrep.2020.102362 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Author | ||||
| سميرة سالم عبد الله باجابر | ||||
| أستاذ مساعد، قسم التربية الإسلامية، بجامعة أم القرى | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| هدفت الدراسة إلى إبراز أهم الأبعاد التربوية المستنبطة من سورة قريش، واقتراح بعض التطبيقات التربوية في الواقع المعاصر، وأسفرت الدراسة عن العديد من النتائج والتوصيات، منها: البُعد الإنساني، وفيه تربية الإنسان على العقيدة الصحيحة، وعلى أحقية الله تعالى بالعبادة، فالروح لا تسعد إلا بإتصالها بخالقها، وفي هذا البعد أيضاً بَيَانٌ لِمُوجِبِ عِبَادَةِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَحْدَهُ، وَحَقِّهِ فِي ذَلِکَ عَلَى عِبَادِهِ جَمِيعًا، وَلَيْسَ خَاصًّا بِقُرَيْشٍ، وَهَذَا الْحَقُّ قَرَّرَهُ القرآن بأساليب عديده نستقي منها في مناهجنا التربوية في المدارس وفي تربيتنا لأبنائنا، وأهمها أسلوب التعليل، ويهتم الإسلام عند تربيته للإنسان بالجسد والروح بشکل متوازن ويربط بين تقوية الجسم بالطعام وعبادة الله تعالى وطاعته فهي تربية شاملة ومتوازنة، وفي البعد الإنساني التربية على مبدأ التکافل الاجتماعي فکانوا يتراحمون فيما بينهم ويتعاونون لدفع الفاقة والحاجة عن ذويهم من عشيرتهم وأقاربهم بلاضافة إلى الأثر الفعّال الذي أحدثته رحلتي الشتاء والصيف في ترابطهم الاجتماعي وتوادهم، وکانت قبيلة قريش مقياساً لمدى قوة اللغة وفصاحتها لما اشتهرت به من الفصاحة والبلاغة، ويعتبر حرمها الشريف المدرسة والجامعة التي تخرّج منها العديد من العلماء، وأما البعد الجغرافي فيبرز فيه إعجاز القرآن الکريم في موقع مکة وتوسطها لجميع انحاء العالم، وتعزيز قدسية مکة وحرمتها في النفوس، وفي البعد التاريخي جانبان نستقي منهما قيم تربوية، وهما النشأة التاريخية لمکة المکرمة حيث اقترن بالشعائر التعبدية، وهي بلدً ذا تاريخ عريق يبدأ منذ خلق الله تعالى السماوات والأرض، فقضى بقدسيتها وبحرمتها، والجذور التاريخية لقبيلة قريش، التي بعث خاتم الأنبياء محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم منهم، فهم من أشراف العرب ويرجع نسبهم لإبراهيم عليه السلام، ونستقي من قصته مبادئ تربويه عظيمة منها صدق التوکل على الله، مع ضرورة الأخذ بالأسباب، أيضا أهمية السعي في الأرض للکسب والرزق، والطاعة والإستسلام لأمر الله تعالى، ويتضح البعد الأمني في السورة بجوانبه التربوية المختلفة، منها الأمن على حاجات الجسد من المطعم والمشرب، وهو الأمن الغذائي المتضمن التربية الجسدية، والراحة والإطمئنان النفسي بالشعور بالطمأنينة وإنشراح الصدر ونزول الرحمات والمغفرة من الذنوب ولجوء المعتمرين والحجيج والزوار لبيت الله الحرام للتوبة والإنابة لله تعالى. (تحذف فتنسکب العبرات ويفر الإنسان لخالقه فيجد في نفسه السکينة وفي صدره إنشراحا وأُنساً، وينعمون بالإستقرار وعدم الخوف من التعرض للأذى أو القتل أو الحرمان وهو الأمن النفسي المتضمن للتربية النفسية، وأيضاً الأمن الفکري ببيان الدين الحق، والإيمان بالله تعالى وأنه هو الخالق والرازق والقيوم، له الأسماء الحسنى والصفات العلى، والمتضمن للتربية العقلية أو الفکرية)، ونستقي البعد الاقتصادي، بأهمية الجانب الاقتصادي تربوياً ووالانفتاح على الآخر بالرحلات التجارية، وتعلم مهارات العمل والسعي لکسب الرزق والاستمرار فيه صيفاً وشتاءً، فتح أسواق مشترکة عالمية وموسمية کموسم الحج وعلى أسس إسلامية، وإنشاء أسواق دولية متنوعة مصدرها مکة، سواء کانت مادية أو أدبية ثقافية. عمل دراسات مفصلة تأصيلية لصناعة سوق دولية، ضمن مواصفات عالمية، تحت سيطرة الدول الإسلامية أو رابطة العالم الإسلامي، وتتحرک وفق الشريعة الإسلامية، والمتاجرة في کل ما هو مباح فهو بابٌ يسع کل جيل وکل مکان. The study aimed to highlight the most important educational dimensions derived from Surat Quraish, and to suggest some educational applications in contemporary reality, and the study resulted in many results and recommendations, including: the human dimension, and in it the education of man on the correct belief, and on the right of God Almighty to worship, for the soul is happy only Conveniently near Boukhalgaha, and in this dimension is also a statement of positive worship of God alone, and the right on all of the slaves, not a special Baqric, and this right is decided by the Koran in ways numerous to read too, including in the educational curricula in schools and in the upbringing of our children, the most important method of reasoning, When caring for the human being, Islam takes care of the body and the spirit in a balanced way, and links between strengthening the body with food and the worship of God Almighty and its obedience, as it is a comprehensive and balanced education, and in the human dimension, education is based on the principle of social solidarity, so they compassion among themselves and cooperate to advance poverty and the need for their families from their clans and relatives in addition to the effective impact that they have brought The winter and summer trips are related to their social interconnectedness and supplies, and the Quraysh tribe was a measure of the strength and eloquence of the language due to its eloquence and eloquence, and its honorable campus is considered the school and university from which many scholars graduated, and the geographical dimension highlights the miracle of the Holy Qur’an in the site of Mecca and its mediation to all parts of the world , And strengthening the sanctity and sanctity of Mecca in the soul, The security dimension is evident in the surah with its various educational aspects, including security on the needs of the body from the restaurant and the drinker, which is food security that includes physical education, comfort and psychological reassurance with a sense of reassurance and chest relaxation and the descent of mercy and forgiveness from sins and the refuge of pilgrims and pilgrims and visitors to the Sacred House of God for repentance and vicariousness to God Almighty so that the transitions will be spilled A person escapes to his Creator, and he finds peace and happiness in his chest and in his chest, and enjoys stability and not fear of being harmed, killed, or deprived, which is psychological security that includes psychological education, and also intellectual security with a statement of true religion, faith in God Almighty and that he is the Creator, sustenance and values, he has the proper names and attributes Ali, which includes mental or intellectual education, We derive the economic dimension, the importance of the economic aspect educationally, openness to the other with commercial trips, learning of work skills and the pursuit of sustaining and sustaining livelihoods in summer and winter, opening global and seasonal common markets such as the Hajj season and on Islamic grounds, and the establishment of various international markets originating from Mecca, whether material or literary cultural To make detailed studies that are essential to making an international market, within global specifications, under the control of Islamic countries or the Muslim World League, and moving in accordance with Islamic law, and trading in whatever is permitted as it is a door that accommodates every generation and place. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| الأبعاد التربوية; سورة قريش; الواقع المعاصر; الأساليب القرآنية. Educational Dimensions؛ Surat Quraish؛ Contemporary Reality؛ Quranic Styles | ||||
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