IMPROVEMENT OF EMISSION UNIFORMITY FOR DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEMS OF CLOSED DESIGNS | ||||
| Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering | ||||
| Article 15, Volume 27, Issue 1, January 2010, Page 226-246 PDF (934.42 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/mjae.2010.107161 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
| Adel Mohamed alweshali1; Abdullah Mohamed Yayah2; Ahmed AL-Moayyad3 | ||||
| 1Assistant professor, Agric. Eng. Depart., Fac. of Agric, Sana'a Univ. Yemen. | ||||
| 2Associate professor, Agric. Eng. Depart., Fac. Of Agric, Sana'a Univ. Yemen. | ||||
| 3Lecturer - Agricultural Department - College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine - Dhamar University, Yemen. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| A practically study had been effectuated in the farm of faculty of agriculture – sana’a university. It aim to improve the drip irrigation system’s emission uniformity of closed designs (C1D, C2PD, C2OD), for deferent lateral sizes (14, 18, 22mm of ID), using various in emitter flow types (Turbulent, Laminar, PC), under three operating pressure (0.8, 1.0, 1.2 bar). Number of laterals was 9 of 90m length and 1m of lateral spacing, where the flow rate for all emitters was constant (8.0l/h) and emitters spacing along the same lateral line was 0.5m. The results shows that: The closed design system (C2OD) record the highest value of emission uniformity (average of 93.223%), comparing with closed design systems (C2PD, C1D) of 91.9375 and 88.559% average emission uniformity respectively. The closed design system (C2PD) represented the best pressure distribution along the lateral length comparing with C2PD and C1D closed system designs. The closed design system C1D record the highest friction head losses of 1.277m in average, comparing with closed design systems C2OD and C2PD (0.37 and 0.373m respectively). The closed design system C2OD results the highest average emitter discharge value of 7.77L/h, comparing with closed system designs C2PD and C1D that recorded average emitter discharge values of 7.56 and 7.33 L/h respectively. The closed design system C2OD increases the value minimum emitter discharge to 7.58L/h, where the closed design systems C2PD and C1D recorded 7.44 and 6.88L/h respectively. The lateral size of 22mm ID record the lowest friction head losses of 0.178m (0.507 and 1.48m for C2PD and C1D respectively) that resulting in highest emission uniformity of 91.717% comparing with 90.2995 and 89.9065 for C2PD and C1D design systems respectively. The operating pressure of 1 bar results the highest emission uniformity of 91.3365 comparing with 1.2 and 0.8bar of 91.0705 and 89.9005 emission uniformity percentage respectively. The pressure compensating emitter record the highest value of emission uniformity (92.9162%) comparing with turbulent and laminar flow emitters of 91.6215% and 88.342% respectively. | ||||
| References | ||||
|
العمود أ. (1997) نظم الری بالتنقیط ، جامعة الملک سعود ، المملکة العربیة السعودیة الشیبانی.
سعید (2006) الموارد المائیة تقنیاتها واستخداماتها ، الموارد المائیة السطحیة ، الهیئة العامة للموارد المائیة . Aeronaut, M. A. I. (1998): Hydraulic Characteristics of Some Emitters and Lateral Line. 6th Conference of Misr Society. Agri. Eng. 21-22 October: 91-100.
AL-Weshali, A. M. (2003): Engineering Studies for Increasing Drip Irrigation Systems Performance. D.PH., Depart. of Agri. Eng., Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt.
Amer, K. H. (2005): Trickle Irrigation Evaluation and Schedules. Misr J. Ag. Eg. July, 22(3): 899-922.
ASAE Standard: ASAE S435 (1996): Polyethylene Pipe Used for Micro Irrigation Lateral.
Bralts, F. Vincent. and Donald M. Edward, (1986): Field Evaluation of Drip Irrigation Submain Units. Transaction of ASAE, Vol. 29(6): 1659 – 1664.
Braud, Harry J. and Amin M. Soom, (1981): Trickle Irrigation Design on Sloping Fields. Transaction of ASAE, 941 – 944.
Dalvi, V. B., G. U. Satpute, M. N. Pawade and K. N. Tiwari (1995): Growers' Experiences and on-farm Micro Irrigation Efficiencies. Micro Irrigation for Changing the World {International Micro Irrigation Congress} Published by ASAE. (775 – 780).
De Paco, J. L. (1995): Friction Head Losses in Drip Irrigation Manifold for Trapezoidal Shape Subunits. Micro Irrigation for Changing the World {International Micro Irrigation Congress} Published by ASAE.
Hassan, N. S. H. (2007): Evaluation of Trickle Irrigation Designs Based on Uniformity Concept. M.SC. Depart. of Agri. Eng. Faculty of Agricultural, Ain Shams University Egypt.
Kang, Y., and S. Nishiyama (1996a): Analysis and design of Micro Irrigation Laterals. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering of the ASCE Vol. 122(2): (75 – 82).
Madramootoo, F. C. and M. Rigby (1987): Hydraulic Performances of Five Different Emitters. Canadian Agri. Eng.
Pitts, Donald J., James A. Fergnson and Rodney E. Wright (1986): Trickle Irrigation Lateral Line Design. Transaction of ASAE. Vol. 29(5): 1320 – 1324.
Rashaid M. A. (1997): Hydraulics and Evaluation Study of Trickle Irrigation System. M.SC. Agric. Mech. Soil and Water Dept. Fac. of Agric. Suez Canal University. Egypt -85.
Sharaf, G. A. (2004): A Study of Water Distribution Uniformity of Micro-Irrigation Subunit. Misr J. Agr. Eng., January, 21(1): 103 – 124.
Sharaf, G. A., T. K. Zin El- Abedin and S. M. Ismail (1996): Subsurface Dripper Line Irrigation System: I. Hydraulic Analysis. Misr J. Agr. Eng., 13(3), July: (575 – 588).
Vermelren, L. and G. A. Gobling (1987): Localized Irrigation. FOA (36) Irrigation and Drainage Paper (36) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Wu, I. P. and J. Barragan (2000): Design Critical for Micro Irrigation Systems. Transaction of ASAE, Vol. 43(5): 1145 – 1154. | ||||
|
Statistics Article View: 119 PDF Download: 165 |
||||
