Physiological aspects of the halophilic and halotolerant fungi, and their potential applications
S. Patankar, R., P. Zambare, V., Ponraj, M. (2021). Physiological aspects of the halophilic and halotolerant fungi, and their potential applications. EKB Journal Management System, 5(5), 1371-1391. doi: 10.21608/nrmj.2021.199315
Rutuja S. Patankar; Vasudeo P. Zambare; Mohanadoss Ponraj. "Physiological aspects of the halophilic and halotolerant fungi, and their potential applications". EKB Journal Management System, 5, 5, 2021, 1371-1391. doi: 10.21608/nrmj.2021.199315
S. Patankar, R., P. Zambare, V., Ponraj, M. (2021). 'Physiological aspects of the halophilic and halotolerant fungi, and their potential applications', EKB Journal Management System, 5(5), pp. 1371-1391. doi: 10.21608/nrmj.2021.199315
S. Patankar, R., P. Zambare, V., Ponraj, M. Physiological aspects of the halophilic and halotolerant fungi, and their potential applications. EKB Journal Management System, 2021; 5(5): 1371-1391. doi: 10.21608/nrmj.2021.199315

Physiological aspects of the halophilic and halotolerant fungi, and their potential applications

Novel Research in Microbiology Journal
Volume 5, Issue 5, September and October 2021, Page 1371-1391  XML PDF (605.36 K)
Document Type: Review Article
DOI: 10.21608/nrmj.2021.199315
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Authors
Rutuja S. Patankar1; Vasudeo P. Zambare email orcid 2; Mohanadoss Ponraj3
1Life Science Department, Sandip University, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
2R&D Department, Om Biotechnologies, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
3Department of Biological Sciences, School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, The Copperbelt University, Riverside, Jambo Drive, P O Box: 21692, Kitwe, Zambia
Abstract
Extremophiles are organisms that can thrive under extreme environmental conditions. There are many types of extremophiles, which require different growth conditions and habitats to grow; among them are the halophilic and the halotolerant microbes. These microbes are reported to grow in habitats of high salinity regions including the sea, sediments, lakes, mines, plant and the soil. They need high carbon source and salt concentration to achieve maximum tolerable condition for their survival.  High salinity survival and tolerance of these microbes are mechanized due to their osmotic and ionic stress, which are regulated through their genetic expression of enzymes, proteins, cell wall compositions and transporters. Thus, due to their robustness; the halophiles and halotolerant fungi showed high potential in health care; antimicrobial and anticancer activity, nanoparticle synthesis, enzyme production, genetics, bioremediation and other aspects. The aim of the current study was to explore the halophilic and halotolerant fungi, which are least explored for their habitats, growth requirements, and mechanism for salt resistance and tolerance. This will be followed by their biotechnological applications focusing on the biomedical industry, due to the emergence of the new multi-drug resistant pathogenic microbes. 
Keywords
Extremophiles; Fungi; Halophiles; Halotolerant; Physiology
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