EFFECT OF Meloidogyne incognita ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SUSCEPTIBLE AND RESISTANT TOMATO CULTIVARS AND EFFECT OF VARIOUS APPLIED ORGANIC MANURES ON NEMATODE CONTROL | ||||
| Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology | ||||
| Article 1, Volume 25, Issue 8 - Serial Number 2, August 2000, Page 5425-5440 PDF (997.85 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2000.259550 | ||||
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| Authors | ||||
| E. I. EL-Shafeey,1; N. A. Hassan2 | ||||
| 1Agric. Bot. Dept., Fac. Agric., Kafr El-Sheikh, Tanta Univ. | ||||
| 2Hort. Dept., Fac. Agric., Kafr El-Sheikh, Tanta Univ. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| Two pot experiments were simultaneously conducted during the early summer seasons of 1997 and 1998. The first experiment studied the effect of four initial population (Pi) densities of Meloidogyne incognita (0, 4 ´ 103, 10 ´ 103 and 20 ´ 103 nematode eggs/pot) on growth and yield of susceptible (Castlerock) and resistant (F1 hybrid Heinz 2710) tomato cultivars. The susceptible cv. was greatly suppressed by M. incognita in most growth and yield parameters, viz., stem length, number of leaves, leaf fresh and dry weight, root fresh weight, chlorophyll and N, P, K content of leaves, fruit yield per plant and average fruit weight. Meanwhile, the resistant cv. was slightly affected. On the other hand, titratable acidity and vitamin C and T.S.S. content of fruits were higher in the susceptible cv. Final nematode population (Pf), root gall index and reproduction factor (Rf) were significantly higher in the susceptible cv. as compared with the resistant one. A negative relationship was found between Pi and most vegetative growth parameters, where gradual decreases were observed with the increase in Pi. However, a positive relationship was found between root fresh weight and Pi. Fruit yield per plant decreased with the increase in Pi. Average fruit weight significantly decreased at Pi 20 ´ 103 as compared with the control. Fruit acidity and vitamin C content decreased at most Pi levels. Pf increased with the increase in Pi level. Root gall index ranged from 0.0 in the control to 5.0 in the various inoculum levels used. Rf increased with the increase in Pi up to 10 ´ 103. The interaction between tomato cultivar and Pi had a significant effect on leaf fresh weight, leaf chlorophyll content and fruit yield per plant, where the 0.0 level with the resistant cv. had the highest records. However, this treatment had the lowest root fresh weight. The lowest Pf was obtained when the 4 ´ 103 level was used with the resistant cv. Root gall index was only slightly affected by the Pi level in the resistant cv., but was greatly affected in the susceptible one. The lowest Rf was obtained when the 20´ 103 level was used with the resistant cv. The second experiment studied the efficacy of four organic manures (rabbit, pigeon, cow and poultry) in controlling M. incognita in tomato. All organic manures improved most plant growth and yield parameters, i.e., stem length, number of leaves, leaf fresh and dry weight, root fresh weight, leaf chlorophyll and N, P, K content, fruit yield per plant, average fruit weight, and fruit acidity and vitamin C and T.S.S content. Applying pigeon and poultry manure increased these parameters more than rabbit or cow manures. All organic manures suppressed Pf, root gall index and Rf. However, pigeon and poultry manures caused more suppression in root gall index and Rf and pronounced increase in nematode reduction % as compared with cow and rabbit manures. | ||||
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