Viruses as Indicators of Fecal Pollution in Aquatic Environment | ||||
| Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries | ||||
| Article 41, Volume 26, Issue 5, September and October 2022, Page 729-764 PDF (692.4 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Review articles | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/ejabf.2022.264546 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Author | ||||
| Mohammed K. Rashed et al. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| This review was presented to suggest if viruses could be used as fecal indicators for drinking water and treated sewage pollution. The failure of bacterial indicators in a lot of cases to indicate viral pollution in drinking water and treated sewage indicates that bacterial indicators may fail to express fecal pollution in drinking water and treated sewage. We could explain this statement as viruses, especially enteric viruses are generally secreted in the feces of infected or carrier persons. Thus, it always expresses the fecal contamination in sewage and consequently water. Hence, the defect of bacterial indicators to indicate the enteric virus’s presence in a lot of cases may indicate failure in expressing the fecal pollution, which is the cause of viral contamination of sewage and water. Adding at least one viral indicator besides bacterial indicators can help supply more perfect water quality results and greater assurance of water quality safety. Adenoviruses and bacteriophages may represent suitable candidates as indices of viral and fecal pollution indicators in drinking water and treated sewage samples. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Aquatic Environment; Enteric viruses; Viral indicators; Bacterial indicators; Viral pollution | ||||
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