METHODS OF DRYING OF TOMATO SLICES AND THE EFFECT OF THE USING OF ITS POWDER ON THE PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF EXTRUDED SNACKS | ||||
| Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering | ||||
| Article 20, Volume 33, Issue 4, October 2016, Page 1537-1558 PDF (989.57 K) | ||||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||||
| DOI: 10.21608/mjae.2016.97620 | ||||
 View on SCiNiTO | ||||
| Authors | ||||
| Samia EL-Safy Farag1; Salem Rabab Hassan2; Omar Shahat Younes3; Samah Amin Taha4 | ||||
| 1Prof.and Head Food Science and Technology Dept., Faculty of Home Economic, Al- Azhar Univ., Egypt. | ||||
| 2Senior Researcher Food Science and Technology Dept., Faculty of Home Economic, Al- Azhar Univ. , Egypt. | ||||
| 3(3) Researcher,Food Manuf. Eng.and Pack. Res. Dept., Food Tech. Res.Inst.,Agriec.Res.Center., Egypt. | ||||
| 4Research Assist. 1Food Science and Technology Dept., Faculty of Home Economic, Al- Azhar Univ., Egypt. | ||||
| Abstract | ||||
| In this study, tomato samples were subjected to different pre-treatments (0.2 % sodium meta bisulphate (Na2S2O5), 1 % calcium chloride (CaCl2)and steam blanching. Untreated samples served as control. After pretreatment, tomato slices were subjected to three different drying methods (oven air, solar and microwave / hot air) and milled in grinder to powder. Tomato powder had been packed in multilayer films consists of low density polyethylene, aluminum and Polyester. Physical properties and bioactive compounds (total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, β- carotene, lycopene, and ascorbic acid) of tomato powder were studied. The powder produced was used in functional food (extruded snacks). Dried tomato powder was added to corn grits flour at levels of 3 and 6% and extruded in a single screw extruder to produce healthy extrudes. Sensory characteristics and physical properties of snacks were evaluated. The studied parameter (moisture, total phenolic, total flavonoids lycopene and β-carotene) were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) affected by different pretreatments processes and drying methods. The results showed that solar drying had negative effect of all characteristics of tomato slices and the color was dark. The sensory analysis findings showed that, extrudes contain 3 and 6% tomato powder (dried by oven and microwave/hot air) had significant higher color and taste scores. Adding tomato powder at level 6% led to increment in scores of crispness, flavor and overall acceptability. | ||||
| Keywords | ||||
| Tomatoes; pretreatments; drying methods; quality characteristics; snack food; extrusion; sensory evaluation | ||||
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